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Values &gt;0.3 are considered pathological and are required by guidelines for the diagnosis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">iNPH<\/jats:styled-content>. However, there are no previous epidemiological studies on Evans index, and normal values in adults are thus not precisely known. We examined a representative sample to obtain reference values and descriptive data on Evans index.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A population\u2010based sample (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 1235) of men and women aged \u226570 years was examined. The sample comprised people living in private households and residential care, systematically selected from the Swedish population register. Neuropsychiatric examinations, including head computed tomography, were performed between 1986 and 2000.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Evans index ranged from 0.11 to 0.46. The mean value in the total sample was 0.28 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content>, 0.04) and 20.6% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 255) had values &gt;0.3. Among men aged \u226580 years, the mean value of Evans index was 0.3 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD,<\/jats:styled-content> 0.03). Individuals with dementia had a mean value of Evans index of 0.31 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD,<\/jats:styled-content> 0.05) and those with radiological signs of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">iNPH<\/jats:styled-content> had a mean value of 0.36 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content>, 0.04).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>A substantial number of subjects had ventricular enlargement according to current criteria. 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