{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T23:03:35Z","timestamp":1792191815366,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,20]],"date-time":"2017-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1489968000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Finnish Foundation of Cardiovascular Research"},{"name":"Finland's State Research Funding (Kuopio University Hospital Research Committee)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Atrial fibrillation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AF<\/jats:styled-content>) and significant carotid artery stenosis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAS<\/jats:styled-content>) often coexist in patients with acute stroke but whether <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAS<\/jats:styled-content> affects the stroke recurrence rate in anticoagulated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AF<\/jats:styled-content> patients is largely unknown. The effect of concomitant <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAS<\/jats:styled-content> on both short\u2010 and long\u2010term prognosis after stroke in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AF<\/jats:styled-content> was evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The multicentre, retrospective FibStroke registry included <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AF<\/jats:styled-content> patients with an ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIA<\/jats:styled-content>) during 2003\u20132012. In this sub\u2010study, 165 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AF<\/jats:styled-content> patients with ischaemic stroke or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIA<\/jats:styled-content> with significant (&gt;50%) <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAS<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAS<\/jats:styled-content> group) and 734 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AF<\/jats:styled-content> patients without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAS<\/jats:styled-content> (non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAS<\/jats:styled-content> group) were identified. The median follow\u2010up time after an index event was 3.5 (interquartile range 3.9) years. Long\u2010term stroke recurrence rate, 30\u2010day mortality, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHA<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DS<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VAS<\/jats:styled-content>c score, other risk factors and the use and intensity of anticoagulation were assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The recurrence rate of ischaemic stroke (21.2% vs. 12.7%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.005, 8.1 vs. 3.6 events per100 follow\u2010up years) was significantly higher in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAS<\/jats:styled-content> patients compared to the non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAS<\/jats:styled-content> group despite similar anticoagulation\/antithrombotic therapy. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAS<\/jats:styled-content> patients had higher mean <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHA<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DS<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VAS<\/jats:styled-content>c scores than non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAS<\/jats:styled-content> patients (4.3 vs. 3.3, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). However, in a multivariate analysis <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAS<\/jats:styled-content> was shown to be an independent risk factor for stroke recurrence (hazard ratio 2.02, 95% confidence interval 1.37\u20133.01, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001). The 30\u2010day all\u2010cause mortality was significantly higher in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAS<\/jats:styled-content> patients (7.9% vs. 1.9%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAS<\/jats:styled-content> was an independent risk factor also for 30\u2010day mortality (odds ratio 3.34, 95% confidence interval 1.51\u20137.38, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.003).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AF<\/jats:styled-content>, concomitant <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAS<\/jats:styled-content> was an independent risk factor for both long\u2010term stroke recurrence and 30\u2010day mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13280","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,20]],"date-time":"2017-03-20T06:26:47Z","timestamp":1489991207000},"page":"719-725","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Stroke recurrence in patients with atrial fibrillation: concomitant carotid artery stenosis doubles the risk"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"H.","family":"Lehtola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Keski\u2010Suomi Central Hospital Jyvaskyla Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. 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