{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T19:36:34Z","timestamp":1789155394268,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,13]],"date-time":"2017-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1505260800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000890","name":"National Multiple Sclerosis Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000890","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007811","name":"Sydney Medical School Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007811","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mechanism of retinal ganglion cell and retinal nerve fiber layer loss in multiple sclerosis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content>) remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the association between temporal retinal nerve fiber layer (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">tRNFL<\/jats:styled-content>) thinning and disease activity in the brain determined by T2 lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI)<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty\u2010five consecutive patients with relapsing\u2013remitting <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content> and 25 controls were enrolled. All patients underwent annual optical coherence tomography and high\u2010resolution <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content> scans for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">tRNFL<\/jats:styled-content> thickness and brain lesion volume analysis, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Significant <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">tRNFL<\/jats:styled-content> thickness reduction was observed over the 3\u2010year follow\u2010up period at a relatively constant rate (1.02 \u03bcm\/year). Thinning of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">tRNFL<\/jats:styled-content> fibers was more prominent in younger patients (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.01). The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">tRNFL<\/jats:styled-content> loss was associated with new <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content> lesions in the optic radiations (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ORs<\/jats:styled-content>). There was significantly greater <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">tRNFL<\/jats:styled-content> thinning in patients with new lesional activity in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ORs<\/jats:styled-content> compared with patients with new lesions outside the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ORs<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.009).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study supports the notion that retrograde transneuronal degeneration caused by OR lesions might play a role in progressive retinal nerve fiber layer loss. In addition, the results of the study also indicate that the disease\u2010related neurodegenerative changes in the retina start much earlier than the clinical diagnosis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13404","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,11]],"date-time":"2017-08-11T04:11:58Z","timestamp":1502424718000},"page":"1392-1398","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Progression of retinal ganglion cell loss in multiple sclerosis is associated with new lesions in the optic radiations"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0933-1215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Klistorner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Save Sight Institute Sydney Medical School University of Sydney Sydney NSW"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Macquarie University Sydney NSW"},{"name":"Sydney Neuroimaging Analysis Centre Sydney NSW"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. 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