{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T14:32:05Z","timestamp":1787668325595,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,6]],"date-time":"2018-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1517875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003329","name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002924","name":"Federaci\u00f3n Espa\u00f1ola de Enfermedades Raras","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002924","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Different biological and radiological biomarkers predict clinical conversion to multiple sclerosis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content>) after a clinically isolated syndrome (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CIS<\/jats:styled-content>). The aim was to explore their role in predicting the outcome of patients with optic neuritis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ON<\/jats:styled-content>), a <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CIS<\/jats:styled-content> considered to have a benign prognosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixty\u2010eight consecutive <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ON<\/jats:styled-content> patients were followed prospectively. Magnetic resonance imaging (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content>) and cerebrospinal fluid studies including oligoclonal immunoglobulin G (IgG) bands (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OCGB<\/jats:styled-content>s), lipid\u2010specific oligoclonal IgM bands (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OCMB<\/jats:styled-content>s) and neurofilament light chain quantification were performed at disease onset. Conversion to clinically definite <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CDMS<\/jats:styled-content>) was monitored.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mean time of follow\u2010up of our series was 46.4\u00a0months. Twenty\u2010five patients (36.7%) developed <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CDMS<\/jats:styled-content> during follow\u2010up. Neurofilament light chain levels did not predict clinical conversion. By contrast, an abnormal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content> increased the risk of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CDMS<\/jats:styled-content> [hazard ratio (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>)\u00a012.5, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.013]. The clearest association was found in patients with more than three T2 lesions. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OCGB<\/jats:styled-content>s also predicted the onset of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CDMS<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a021.3, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.003) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OCMB<\/jats:styled-content>s were associated with a shorter time to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CDMS<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a0116.6, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Magnetic resonance imaging and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OCGB<\/jats:styled-content>s predicted conversion to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CDMS<\/jats:styled-content> after an <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ON<\/jats:styled-content> episode. In addition, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OCMB<\/jats:styled-content>s identified the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ON<\/jats:styled-content> patients more likely to develop <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content> early. These results, applicable to the everyday clinical setting, may be of interest for therapeutic decisions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13553","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,24]],"date-time":"2017-12-24T09:21:13Z","timestamp":1514107273000},"page":"614-618","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Clinical usefulness of prognostic biomarkers in optic neuritis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7061-8725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Tejeda\u2010Velarde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department IRYCIS Hospital Universitario Ram\u00f3n y Cajal Madrid Spain"},{"name":"The Spanish Network of Multiple Sclerosis (REEM) Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Costa\u2010Frossard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Spanish Network of Multiple Sclerosis (REEM) Spain"},{"name":"Neurology Department IRYCIS Hospital Universitario Ram\u00f3n y Cajal Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Sainz de la Maza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Spanish Network of Multiple Sclerosis (REEM) Spain"},{"name":"Neurology Department IRYCIS Hospital Universitario Ram\u00f3n y Cajal Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c1.","family":"Carrasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department IRYCIS Hospital Universitario Ram\u00f3n y Cajal Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Espi\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department IRYCIS Hospital Universitario Ram\u00f3n y Cajal Madrid Spain"},{"name":"The Spanish Network of Multiple Sclerosis (REEM) Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Pic\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department IRYCIS Hospital Universitario Ram\u00f3n y Cajal Madrid Spain"},{"name":"The Spanish Network of Multiple Sclerosis (REEM) Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Toboso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department IRYCIS Hospital Universitario Ram\u00f3n y Cajal Madrid Spain"},{"name":"The Spanish Network of Multiple Sclerosis (REEM) Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. 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