{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T18:42:03Z","timestamp":1760985723795,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,3]],"date-time":"2018-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535932800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health","award":["RF-2013-02355908"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RF-2013-02355908"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The clinical differentiation between parkinsonism in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">iNPH<\/jats:styled-content>) and Parkinson's disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>) remains challenging in the initial phase. Whether an early cognitive profiling might support the differential diagnosis of early <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">iNPH<\/jats:styled-content> and PD was addressed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neuropsychological tests of 40 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">iNPH<\/jats:styled-content> subjects with early symptoms resembling parkinsonism were retrospectively evaluated together with 47 <jats:italic>de novo<\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content> patients (dn<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>). Only neuropsychological tests performed within 1 year from the first motor symptom were included. The cognitive spectrum of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">iNPH<\/jats:styled-content> and dn<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content> was also compared with a sample of 70 normal controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A clear difference in the cognitive profile of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">iNPH<\/jats:styled-content>, dn<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content> patients and normal controls was shown. 65% of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">iNPH<\/jats:styled-content> subjects showed a diffuse cognitive impairment, including memory, visuospatial abilities, fronto\u2010executive functioning and attention, whereas only 25.5% of the dn<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content> patients presented an executive dysfunction. 35% of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">iNPH<\/jats:styled-content> and 74.5% of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content> patients performed within the normal range (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Subjects with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">iNPH<\/jats:styled-content> showed an early and diffuse alteration of cognition with respect to dn<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content> patients. Performing a prompt and accurate neuropsychological evaluation might support the differential diagnosis of these two conditions of parkinsonism.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13766","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,9]],"date-time":"2018-08-09T14:53:54Z","timestamp":1533826434000},"page":"74-79","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Cognitive disorders in normal pressure hydrocephalus with initial parkinsonism in comparison with <i>de novo<\/i> Parkinson's disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6774-0159","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Picascia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit IRCCS Mondino Foundation Pavia Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N. 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