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The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of T\/B lymphocyte population counts and the concentrations of the cytokines interleukin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>) 6 and IL\u201010 in the cerebrospinal fluid (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSF<\/jats:styled-content>) of neurosarcoidosis patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective study <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSF<\/jats:styled-content> biomarkers was conducted in patients with neurosarcoidosis who underwent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSF<\/jats:styled-content> analysis between 2012 and 2017 as well as various control populations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty\u2010three patients with neurosarcoidosis, 14 with multiple sclerosis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content>) and 48 with other inflammatory disorders were analyzed. The CSF <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 levels were higher in sarcoidosis patients than in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content> patients (median 8 vs. 3\u00a0pg\/ml, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.006). The CSF <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>4\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>8 ratio was higher in sarcoidosis patients than in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content> patients and in patients with other inflammatory disorders (median 3.18 vs. 2.36 and 2.10, respectively, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.008). The CSF <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 level was higher in patients with active neurosarcoidosis than in non\u2010active neurosarcoidosis patients (median 13 vs. 3\u00a0pg\/ml, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.0005). In patients with neurosarcoidosis, a <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSF IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 concentration &gt;50\u00a0pg\/ml was associated with a higher risk of relapse or progression\u2010free survival (hazard ratio 3.60; 95% confidence interval 1.78\u201323.14). A refractory neurosarcoidosis patient was treated with an anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 monoclonal antibody that produced a complete neurological response.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSF CD<\/jats:styled-content>4\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>8 ratio and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 concentration are increased in neurosarcoidosis compared to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content> and other inflammatory disorders. A <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSF IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 concentration &gt;50\u00a0pg\/ml is associated with relapse or progression of neurosarcoidosis. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201010 levels may be elevated in neurosarcoidosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13975","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,25]],"date-time":"2019-04-25T11:16:39Z","timestamp":1556190999000},"page":"1274-1280","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["The cerebrospinal fluid <scp>CD<\/scp>4\/<scp>CD<\/scp>8 ratio and interleukin\u20106 and \u201010 levels in neurosarcoidosis: a multicenter, pragmatic, comparative study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"T.","family":"Chazal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistance Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Paris H\u00f4pital de la 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