{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T18:52:15Z","timestamp":1790621535665,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,29]],"date-time":"2019-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564358400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003196","name":"Ministero della Salute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The cost of medication overuse headache (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MOH<\/jats:styled-content>) is underestimated. Our aim was to address the cost\u2010effectiveness of a structured treatment protocol and to present annual cost estimates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients were enrolled on the occasion of a structured treatment protocol, were administered a research protocol addressing direct and indirect costs and were followed up for 3\u00a0months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 176 enrolled patients, 138 completed the study. The 3\u2010month cost per patient fell from \u20ac2989 to \u20ac1160: the difference was \u20ac696 per month for patients treated in the ward and \u20ac466 for those treated in day\u2010hospital; thus it takes 2\u20133\u00a0months to compensate for the protocol's cost. The per\u2010person annual costs of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MOH<\/jats:styled-content> were \u20ac10\u00a0533 (95% confidence interval \u20ac8700\u201312\u00a0406): direct healthcare costs accounted for 44.8% and indirect costs for 51.5% of the total <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MOH<\/jats:styled-content> cost. The annual <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MOH<\/jats:styled-content> cost for Italy is estimated at \u20ac13.5 billion (95% confidence interval \u20ac11.1\u201315.9 billion).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The cost of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MOH<\/jats:styled-content> around the period of a structured treatment protocol is much higher compared to previous estimates. Our protocol is cost\u2010effective for reducing the economic burden of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MOH<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,10]],"date-time":"2019-07-10T20:38:51Z","timestamp":1562791131000},"page":"62","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["The cost and the value of treatment of medication overuse headache in Italy: a longitudinal study based on patient\u2010derived data"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7433-7779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Raggi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Public Health and Disability Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milano 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