{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T15:28:17Z","timestamp":1790263697652,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,22]],"date-time":"2020-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600732800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this paper is to describe the clinical features of COVID\u201019\u2010related encephalopathy and their metabolic correlates using brain 2\u2010desoxy\u20102\u2010fluoro\u2010D\u2010glucose (FDG)\u2010positron\u2010emission tomography (PET)\/computed tomography (CT) imaging.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>A variety of neurological manifestations have been reported in association with COVID\u201019. COVID\u201019\u2010related encephalopathy has seldom been reported and studied.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We report four cases of COVID\u201019\u2010related encephalopathy. The diagnosis was made in patients with confirmed COVID\u201019 who presented with new\u2010onset cognitive disturbances, central focal neurological signs, or seizures. All patients underwent cognitive screening, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), lumbar puncture, and brain 2\u2010desoxy\u20102\u2010fluoro\u2010D\u2010glucose (FDG)\u2010positron\u2010emission tomography (PET)\/computed tomography (CT) (FDG\u2010PET\/CT).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The four patients were aged 60\u00a0years or older, and presented with various degrees of cognitive impairment, with predominant frontal lobe impairment. Two patients presented with cerebellar syndrome, one patient had myoclonus, one had psychiatric manifestations, and one had status epilepticus. The delay between first COVID\u201019 symptoms and onset of neurological symptoms was between 0 and 12\u00a0days. None of the patients had MRI features of encephalitis nor significant cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) abnormalities. SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 RT\u2010PCR in the CSF was negative for all patients. All patients presented with a consistent brain FDG\u2010PET\/CT pattern of abnormalities, namely frontal hypometabolism and cerebellar hypermetabolism. All patients improved after immunotherapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite varied clinical presentations, all patients presented with a consistent FDG\u2010PET pattern, which may reflect an immune mechanism.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14478","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,16]],"date-time":"2020-08-16T02:15:45Z","timestamp":1597544145000},"page":"2651-2657","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":149,"title":["COVID\u201019\u2010related encephalopathy: a case series with brain FDG\u2010positron\u2010emission tomography\/computed tomography findings"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5838-9077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.","family":"Delorme","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Sorbonne University Assistance Publique des H\u00f4pitaux 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