{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T03:11:17Z","timestamp":1792033877052,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,26]],"date-time":"2020-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601078400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004282","name":"Evelyn Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19\u201014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19\u201014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004282","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013372","name":"Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["109915\/Z\/15\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["109915\/Z\/15\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013372","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010897","name":"Newton Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/N027302\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/N027302\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010897","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000196","name":"Canada Foundation for Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CFI\u2010JELF 38412"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CFI\u2010JELF 38412"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a subset of patients with inherited peripheral neuropathies the first symptom is atrophy and weakness of the intrinsic muscles of the hands, without involvement of lower limbs until later in the disease course. The exact pathomechanisms of this phenotype are currently unknown. The aim of this study was to characterize the clinical, neurophysiological and genetic features of a group of patients with a clinical diagnosis of upper limb predominant Charcot\u2010Marie\u2010Tooth disease (CMT).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The clinical, electrophysiology and genetic data of 11 patients with upper limb predominant peripheral neuropathy selected from a single\u2010centre cohort of 461 patients diagnosed with inherited neuropathy were analysed and the clinical, electrophysiological and genetic characteristics of these patients reported.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>An overlapping phenotype of neuropathy and myopathy was detected in two patients. Four patients carry autosomal dominant mutations in <jats:italic>GARS<\/jats:italic> and a single patient had a homozygous mutation in <jats:italic>SH3TC2<\/jats:italic>. However, the underlying genetic diagnosis could not be confirmed in six patients by gene panel sequencing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Upper limb\u2010onset inherited neuropathies are genetically heterogeneous and, in some cases, there is an overlapping myopathy. Autosomal dominant <jats:italic>GARS<\/jats:italic> mutations are the most common genetic cause; however, mutations in other CMT genes may also result in this phenotype in individual patients. The majority of these patients cannot be genetically diagnosed by gene panel testing of known CMT and myopathy genes, suggesting further genetic heterogeneity and highlighting the importance of further genetic investigations in these patients and families.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14514","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]],"date-time":"2020-09-14T08:05:34Z","timestamp":1600070734000},"page":"297-304","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Inherited neuropathies with predominant upper limb involvement: genetic heterogeneity and overlapping pathologies"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"G.","family":"McMacken","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences Royal Victoria Hospital Belfast UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. 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