{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T13:42:24Z","timestamp":1790516544700,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]],"date-time":"2020-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602720000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFB 1118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFB 1118"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFB 1158"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFB 1158"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>We quantified peripheral nerve lesions in adults with 5q\u2010linked spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type 3 by analysing the magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) of the sciatic nerve, and tested its potential as a novel biomarker for macromolecular changes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eighteen adults with SMA 3 (50% SMA 3a, 50% SMA 3b) and 18 age\u2010\/sex\u2010matched healthy controls prospectively underwent magnetization transfer contrast imaging in a 3\u2010Tesla magnetic resonance scanner. Two axial three\u2010dimensional gradient echo sequences, with and without an off\u2010resonance saturation rapid frequency pulse, were performed at the right distal thigh. Sciatic nerve regions of interest were manually traced on 10 consecutive axial slices in the images generated without off\u2010resonance saturation, and then transferred to corresponding slices generated by the sequence with the off\u2010resonance saturation pulse. Subsequently, MTR and cross\u2010sectional areas (CSAs) of the sciatic nerve were analysed. In addition, detailed neurologic, physiotherapeutic and electrophysiologic examinations were conducted in all patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sciatic nerve MTR and CSA reliably differentiated between healthy controls and SMA 3, 3a or 3b. MTR was lower in the SMA 3 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001), SMA 3a (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001) and SMA 3b groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0020) than in respective controls. In patients with SMA 3, MTR correlated with all clinical scores, and arm nerve compound motor action potentials (CMAPs). CSA was lower in the SMA 3 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001), SMA 3a (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001) and SMA 3b groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0006) than in controls, but did not correlate with clinical scores or electrophysiologic results.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Magnetization transfer ratio is a novel imaging marker that quantifies macromolecular nerve changes in SMA 3, and positively correlates with clinical scores and CMAPs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14528","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]],"date-time":"2020-10-15T11:49:16Z","timestamp":1602762556000},"page":"331-340","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Magnetization transfer ratio: a quantitative imaging biomarker for 5q spinal muscular atrophy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6254-9192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Kollmer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Kessler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Sam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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