{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T21:33:41Z","timestamp":1791581621728,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,25]],"date-time":"2020-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603584000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Since the outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus\u20102 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) pandemic, several reports indicated neurological involvement in COVID\u201019 disease. Muscle involvement has also been reported as evidenced by creatine kinase (CK) elevations and reports of myalgia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Creatine kinase, markers of inflammation, pre\u2010existing diseases and statin use were extracted from records of Austrian hospitalised COVID\u201019 patients. Disease severity was classified as severe in case of intensive care unit (ICU) admission or mortality. COVID\u201019 patients were additionally compared to an historical group of hospitalised influenza patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three hundred fifty\u2010one patients with SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 and 258 with influenza were included in the final analysis. CK was elevated in 27% of COVID\u201019 and in 28% of influenza patients. CK was higher in severe COVID\u201019 as were markers of inflammation. CK correlated significantly with inflammation markers, which had an independent impact on CK when adjusted for demographic variables and disease severity. Compared to influenza patients, COVID\u201019 patients were older, more frequently male, had more comorbidities, and more frequently had a severe disease course. Nevertheless, influenza patients had higher baseline CK than COVID\u201019, and 35.7% of intensive care unit (ICU)\u2010admitted patients had CK levels &gt;1,000\u00a0U\/L compared to only 4.7% of ICU\u2010admitted COVID\u201019 patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>HyperCKemia occurs in a similar frequency in COVID\u201019 and influenza infection. CK levels were lower in COVID\u201019 than in influenza in mild and severe disease. CK levels strongly correlate with disease severity and markers of inflammation. To date, it remains unclear whether hyperCKemia is due to a virus\u2010triggered inflammatory response or direct muscle toxicity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14564","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]],"date-time":"2020-09-30T16:11:45Z","timestamp":1601482305000},"page":"3411-3417","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Muscle involvement in SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Lea","family":"Pitscheider","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Medical University Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Karolyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4th Medical Department with Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Kaiser Franz Josef Hospital Vienna 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