{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T17:25:50Z","timestamp":1793381150282,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,12]],"date-time":"2020-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605139200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cognitive impairment is a common sequel of recent small subcortical infarction (RSSI) and might be negatively affected by preexisting cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). We investigated whether the course of cognitive function in patients with RSSI is influenced by the severity of white matter hyperintensities (WMH), an important imaging feature of SVD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)\u2010proven single RSSI were tested neuropsychologically concerning global cognition, processing speed, attention, and set\u2010shifting. Deep and periventricular WMH severity was assessed using the Fazekas scale, and total WMH lesion volume was calculated from T1\u2010weighted MRI images. We compared baseline function and course of cognition 15\u00a0months after the acute event in patients with absent, mild, and moderate\u2010to\u2010severe WMH.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study cohort comprised 82 RSSI patients (mean age: 61\u00a0\u00b1\u00a010\u00a0years, 23% female). At baseline, 40% had cognitive impairment (1.5 standard deviations below standardized mean), and deficits persisted in one\u2010third of the sample after 15\u00a0months. After age correction, there were no significant differences in set\u2010shifting between WMH groups at baseline. However, although patients without WMH (deep: <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001, periventricular: <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.067) or only mild WMH (deep: <jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a00.098, periventricular: <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.001) improved in set\u2010shifting after 15\u00a0months, there was no improvement in patients with moderate\u2010to\u2010severe WMH (deep: <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.980, periventricular: <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.816). Baseline total WMH volume (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.002) was the only significant predictor for attention 15\u00a0months poststroke.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This longitudinal study demonstrates that preexisting moderate\u2010to\u2010severe WMH negatively affect the restoration of cognitive function after RSSI, suggesting limited functional reserve in patients with preexisting SVD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14593","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,16]],"date-time":"2020-10-16T21:01:29Z","timestamp":1602882089000},"page":"401-410","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Baseline white matter hyperintensities affect the course of cognitive function after small vessel disease\u2010related stroke: a prospective observational study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"V.","family":"Fruhwirth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Medical University of Graz Graz Austria"},{"name":"Research Unit for Neuronal Plasticity and Repair Medical University of Graz Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Enzinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Medical University of Graz Graz Austria"},{"name":"Research Unit for Neuronal Plasticity and Repair Medical University of Graz Graz Austria"},{"name":"Division of Neuroradiology, Vascular and Interventional Radiology Department of Radiology Medical University of Graz Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9043-0378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Fandler\u2010H\u00f6fler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Medical 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