{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T05:43:47Z","timestamp":1790401427514,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]],"date-time":"2020-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607558400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003196","name":"Ministero della Salute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Ricerca Finalizzata Progetto Reti Nazionale AD NET\u20102011\u201002346784"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Ricerca Finalizzata Progetto Reti Nazionale AD NET\u20102011\u201002346784"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The amnestic presentation of mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) represents the most common prodromal stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia. There is, however, some evidence of aMCI with typical amnestic syndrome but showing long\u2010term clinical stability. The ability to predict stability or progression to dementia in the aMCI condition is important, particularly for the selection of candidates in clinical trials. We aimed to establish the role of <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> biomarkers, as assessed by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) measures and [<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)\u2010positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, in predicting prognosis in a large aMCI cohort.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a retrospective study, including 142 aMCI subjects who had a long follow\u2010up (4\u201319\u00a0years), baseline CSF data and [<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F]FDG\u2010PET scans individually assessed by validated voxel\u2010based procedures, classifying subjects into either limbic\u2010predominant or AD\u2010like hypometabolism patterns.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The two aMCI cohorts were clinically comparable at baseline. At follow\u2010up, the aMCI group with a limbic\u2010predominant [<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F]FDG\u2010PET pattern showed clinical stability over a very long follow\u2010up (8.20\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.30\u00a0years), no decline in Mini\u2010Mental State Examination score, and only 7% conversion to dementia. Conversely, the aMCI group with an AD\u2010like [<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F]FDG\u2010PET pattern had a high rate of dementia progression (86%) over a shorter follow\u2010up (6.47\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.07\u00a0years). Individual [<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F]FDG\u2010PET hypometabolism patterns predicted stability or conversion with high accuracy (area under the curve\u00a0=\u00a00.89), sensitivity (0.90) and specificity (0.89). In the limbic\u2010predominant aMCI cohort, CSF biomarkers showed large variability and no prognostic value.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a large series of clinically comparable subjects with aMCI at baseline, the specific [<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F]FDG\u2010PET limbic\u2010predominant hypometabolism pattern was associated with clinical stability, making progression to AD very unlikely. The identification of a biomarker\u2010based benign course in aMCI subjects has important implications for prognosis and in planning clinical trials.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14639","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,13]],"date-time":"2020-11-13T16:59:12Z","timestamp":1605286752000},"page":"1123-1133","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Biomarker\u2010based stability in limbic\u2010predominant amnestic mild cognitive impairment"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0057-3103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giacomo","family":"Tondo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vita\u2010Salute San Raffaele University Milan Italy"},{"name":"In Vivo Human Molecular and Structural Neuroimaging Unit Division of Neuroscience IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Carli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vita\u2010Salute San Raffaele University Milan Italy"},{"name":"In Vivo Human Molecular and Structural Neuroimaging Unit Division of Neuroscience IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8760-2703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Santangelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and INSPE San Raffaele Scientific Institute Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Vittoria","family":"Mattoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science G. d\u2019Annunzio University of Chieti\u2010Pescara Chieti Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Presotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Unit San Raffaele Hospital Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5485-0479","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimo","family":"Filippi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vita\u2010Salute San Raffaele University Milan Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and INSPE San Raffaele Scientific Institute Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Magnani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and INSPE San Raffaele Scientific Institute Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandro","family":"Iannaccone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neuroscience Department San Raffaele Turro Hospital Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1974-3421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Cerami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scuola Universitaria Superiore IUSS Pavia Italy"},{"name":"Cognitive Computational Neuroscience Research Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation Pavia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3421-204X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Perani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vita\u2010Salute San Raffaele University Milan Italy"},{"name":"In Vivo Human Molecular and Structural Neuroimaging Unit Division of Neuroscience IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Milan Italy"},{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Unit San Raffaele Hospital Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"for the Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2009.266"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.782"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3002609"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25388"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.02.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104707"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000277459.83543.99"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181c3f293"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.58.5.750"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-015-3170-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2018.01.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30159-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610207005509"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13554799608404021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.57.11.1366"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000106862"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617711001287"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-018-0369-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awz099"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2004.01388.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12021-014-9235-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001209"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-009-1264-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/47.10.1776"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21610"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awu367"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002923"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12021-016-9322-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2013.12.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.06.2855"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13728"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.12120010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A1357"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2017.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awy049"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awy264"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24903"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21326"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2007.01503.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000055"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0059649"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ene.14639","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ene.14639","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ene.14639","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,28]],"date-time":"2023-08-28T03:07:54Z","timestamp":1693192074000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ene.14639"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ene.14639"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ene.14639","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1351-5101","1468-1331"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1351-5101","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-1331","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-10-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-11-06","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-12-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}