{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T01:53:49Z","timestamp":1774922029434,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background and purpose<\/jats:bold>: Moyamoya angiopathy (MA) is a progressive cerebrovascular disease with a poorly understood pathophysiology. It is mainly characterized by progressive bilateral stenosis of the terminal intracranial part of the supraclinoid internal carotid arteries and the proximal parts of the middle and anterior cerebral arteries. This results in early\u2010onset ischemic or hemorrhagic strokes. The disease may be idiopathic (known as Moyamoya disease) or associated with other heritable or acquired conditions, including type 1 neurofibromatosis or other RASopathies, sickle cell disease, Down syndrome, or autoimmune disorders (known as Moyamoya syndrome). Apart from the brain, other organ manifestations including cutaneous ones have also been described in MA patients.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Materials and methods<\/jats:bold>: A literature research on PubMed was performed for articles mentioning the cutaneous association in MA and published between 1994 and October 2020.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion<\/jats:bold>: The present review summarizes the cutaneous associations as well as the coincidental dermatological findings seen in MA patients. Those include changes in the epidermis, dermis, or skin appendages for example caf\u00e9\u2010au\u2010lait spots, hypomelanosis of Ito, livedo racemosa, hemangiomas, premature graying of hair, chilblains etc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14754","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,24]],"date-time":"2021-01-24T07:46:02Z","timestamp":1611474362000},"page":"1784-1793","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Cutaneous manifestations in Moyamoya angiopathy: A review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3450-9636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fouad","family":"Mitri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospital Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Bersano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cerebrovascular Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico \u201cCarlo Besta\u201d Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dominique","family":"Herv\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CERVCO Centre de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence des maladies Vasculaires rares du Cerveau et de l'Oeil H\u00f4pital Lariboisi\u00e8re Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Kraemer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Hospital Essen Germany"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Heinrich Heine University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0804622"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0303-8467(97)00052-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","volume-title":"Genetics of Moyamoya beyond RNF213: monogenic Moyamoya syndromes","author":"Guey S","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2176\/nmc.52.267"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ejhg.2017.92"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000442298"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-004-1345-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.4740"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001832"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0004-282X20130241"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/abd1806-4841.20176829"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/375416"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1824-7288-40-59"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0200446"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.30203"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.61921"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","first-page":"61","article-title":"The neurologic aspects of hypomelanosis of Ito: case report and review of the literature","volume":"14","author":"Kentab AY","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sudan J Paediatr"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/08830738050200111301"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0887-8994(95)00113-T"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)81606-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14390"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2014.01.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-019-09277-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2014.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1052-3057(99)80054-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","article-title":"A NOTCH3 homozygous nonsense mutation in familial Sneddon syndrome with pediatric stroke","author":"Greisenegger EK","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.31009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2016.07.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-0082"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-019-04145-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.08.176"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.38258"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.141.3.385"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1470.1999.99011.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2015.11.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","first-page":"468","article-title":"Associated cardiac malformations in children with congenital heat disease","volume":"63","author":"Noonan JA","year":"1963","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.11.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.425"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.37053"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0387-7604(02)00014-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.c.10019"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2004.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000051558"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35013114"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","first-page":"963","volume-title":"Rosenberg's molecular and genetic basis of neurological and psychiatric disease","author":"Kirkorian AY","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmg.2012.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/JPN.JPN_2_18"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0887-8994(94)90073-6"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","article-title":"Stroke\u2010like episodes in rare neurocutaneous syndromes","volume":"37","author":"Beni SM","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuropediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cge.12223"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_538_18"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0420.1998.760521.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2016.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjopt.2012.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NRL.0000000000000207"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2004.07.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2015-212894"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-018-4205-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2004.05819.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mgg3.625"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000354109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780400928"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203313486950"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1756-185X.2010.01574.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1014265108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-018-8997-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-019-09245-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-018-9031-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00143047"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8628(19990806)85:4<338::AID-AJMG5>3.0.CO;2-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.1.FOCUS08302"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1172-8-45"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2011.04.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21061956"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep13191"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2013.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0366-6999.191824"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7600440"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.604"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ene.14754","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ene.14754","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ene.14754","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T19:22:44Z","timestamp":1693336964000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ene.14754"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"references-count":79,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ene.14754"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ene.14754","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1351-5101","1468-1331"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1351-5101","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-1331","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-12-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-01-16","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-03-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}