{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T18:29:39Z","timestamp":1789842579530,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,2]],"date-time":"2021-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617321600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) and macular ganglion cell plus inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thinning are markers of neuroaxonal degeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS), which is reduced by disease\u2010modifying treatment (DMT). We aimed to investigate the potential of pRNFL and GCIPL thinning for prediction of DMT failure in relapsing MS (RMS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this 4\u2010year prospective observational study on 113 RMS patients, pRNFL and GCIPL were measured at DMT initiation and after 12 months (M12) and 24\u00a0months (M24). Treatment failure was defined as 6\u2010month confirmed Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) progression and\/or Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) worsening. Optimal cutoff values for predicting treatment failure were determined by receiver operating characteristic analyses and hazard ratios (HRs) by multivariable Cox regression adjusting for age, sex, disease duration, EDSS\/SDMT, and DMT class.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thinning of GCIPL &gt;0.5\u00a0\u03bcm\/year at M24 showed superior value for treatment failure prediction (HR: 4.5, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.8\u20137.6,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001; specificity 91%, sensitivity 81%), followed by GCIPL &gt;0.5\u00a0\u03bcm at M12 (odds ratio [OR]: 3.9, 95% CI: 1.4\u20136.9,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001; specificity 85%, sensitivity 78%), and pRNFL \u22652\u00a0\u03bcm\/year at M24 (OR: 3.7, 95% CI: 1.1\u20136.5,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.023; specificity 84%, sensitivity 69%), whereas pRNFL at M12 was not predictive.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>GCIPL, and to a lesser degree pRNFL, thinning predicts disability progression after DMT initiation and may be a useful and accessible biomarker of treatment failure in RMS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14829","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,18]],"date-time":"2021-03-18T16:52:17Z","timestamp":1616086337000},"page":"2037-2045","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Retinal layer thinning predicts treatment failure in relapsing multiple sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0825-0851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel","family":"Bsteh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2833-6337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harald","family":"Hegen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Medical University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2983-3693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick","family":"Altmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Medical University of Vienna Vienna 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