{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T23:57:32Z","timestamp":1783468652726,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,26]],"date-time":"2021-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627257600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prevalence data are needed to reveal trends regarding the pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) situation worldwide. The aim was to identify changes in MS diagnosis prevalence in pediatric patients over a 10\u2010year period in Germany.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This analysis is based on nationwide outpatient claims data of children aged &lt;18\u00a0years covered by the German statutory health insurance (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> =\u00a011,381,939 in 2018). People with MS (PwMS) had \u22651 documented MS diagnosis (International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, German modification code G35.x). The annual pediatric MS diagnosis prevalence was analyzed regarding age, sex, and place of residence during 2009\u20132018.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of pediatric MS developed from 5.3 (2009) to 5.4 (2018)\/100,000 insured population aged &lt;18\u00a0years. The MS prevalence in patients aged 15\u201317\u00a0years showed a moderate increase over 10\u00a0years (19.6\u201322.7\/100,000), whereas patients \u226414\u00a0years old showed a slight decrease (1.9\u20131.7\/100,000). The sex ratio (female:male) in 2018 was relatively balanced in PwMS aged \u226414 years (1.32) but female\u2010dominated in those aged 15\u201317\u00a0years (2.47). The formerly different prevalence of pediatric MS between East and West Germany has converged since 2012.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>So far, this is the largest study of pediatric MS prevalence in terms of source population size (87% of German children &lt;18\u00a0years of age, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a011,381,939 in 2018) and study period (2009\u20132018) worldwide. The analyses revealed an increase in MS prevalence and a female\u2010dominated sex ratio in \u201colder\u201d adolescents compared to younger patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.15015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,9]],"date-time":"2021-07-09T19:04:10Z","timestamp":1625857450000},"page":"3173-3176","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Prevalence of pediatric multiple sclerosis in Germany: A nationwide population\u2010based analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4655-774X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niklas","family":"Frahm","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MS Research and Project Development Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melanie","family":"Peters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Society for Health Care Research Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg","family":"B\u00e4tzing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department 5, Epidemiology &amp; Health Care Atlas Central Research Institute of Ambulatory Health Care in the Federal Republic of Germany Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2274-5025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Ellenberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MS Research and Project Development Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2310-3179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manas K.","family":"Akmatov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department 5, Epidemiology &amp; Health Care Atlas Central Research Institute of Ambulatory Health Care in the Federal Republic of Germany Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"Haas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Multiple Sclerosis Society Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5209-6647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulus S.","family":"Rommer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Neuroimmunological Section Department of Neurology University Medical Center Rostock Rostock Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5308-105X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Stahmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MS Research and Project Development Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uwe K.","family":"Zettl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimmunological Section Department of Neurology University Medical Center Rostock Rostock Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jakob","family":"Holstiege","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department 5, Epidemiology &amp; Health Care Atlas Central Research Institute of Ambulatory Health Care in the Federal Republic of Germany Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"The Multiple Sclerosis International Federation (MSIF).Number of children with MS. Atlas of MS 3rd edition. Published September 2020.www.atlasofms.org. Accessed June 22 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-018-1026-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-0120"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000007647"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2020.5520"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","unstructured":"Federal Institute for Drugs and Mediccal Devices (DIMDI).ICD\u201010\u2010GM.https:\/\/www.dimdi.de\/dynamic\/en\/classifications\/icd\/icd\u201010\u2010gm\/index.html. Accessed June 22 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","unstructured":"German Ministry of Health (BMG).Members and insured persons of the statutory health insurance: statistics on insured persons by status age place of residence and type of health insurance (on 1 july of the respective year).https:\/\/www.bundesgesundheitsministerium.de\/themen\/krankenversicherung\/zahlen\u2010und\u2010fakten\u2010zur\u2010krankenversicherung\/mitglieder\u2010und\u2010versicherte.html. 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