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We determined the short\u2010term, intermediate, and long\u2010term mortality of GBS compared to the general population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Individual\u2010level data from nationwide registries were linked in this matched cohort study of all first\u2010time hospital\u2010diagnosed GBS patients in Denmark between 1987 and 2016 and 10 individuals from the general population, matched on age, sex, and index date. We used Cox regression analysis to calculate matched mortality hazard ratios (HRs) following GBS, assessing short\u2010term (0\u20136\u00a0months), intermediate (&gt;6\u00a0months\u20134\u00a0years), and long\u2010term (&gt;4\u00a0years) mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified 2414 patients with GBS and 23,909 matched individuals from the general population. Short\u2010term mortality was 4.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.0\u20135.8) and 0.8% (95% CI = 0.7\u20130.9) for GBS patients and general population members, respectively, resulting in an HR of 6.6 (95% CI = 4.0\u20135.8). Intermediate mortality was 7.6% (95% CI = 6.5\u20138.9), compared with 5.8% (95% CI = 5.5\u20136.1) for general population members, corresponding to an HR of 1.5 (95% CI = 1.3\u20131.8). After the first 4\u00a0years, long\u2010term mortality showed similar results for GBS patients and general population members (HR = 1.1, 95% CI = 0.9\u20131.2).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>During the first 6\u00a0months after GBS hospital admission, GBS was associated with a 6.6\u2010fold increased mortality as compared with the background population of the same age. Mortality remained increased for approximately 4\u00a0years following GBS, and then leveled off to a similar long\u2010term mortality rate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.15204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,7]],"date-time":"2021-12-07T14:54:30Z","timestamp":1638888870000},"page":"1145-1154","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Increased mortality following Guillain\u2013Barr\u00e9 syndrome: A population\u2010based cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2210-6020","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lotte Sahin","family":"Levison","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reimar Wernich","family":"Thomsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henning","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000184748"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000006246"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-004-0317-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2017.02.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000011160"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"47","article-title":"Diabetes associated with Guillain\u2010Barre syndrome","volume":"14","author":"Flax H","year":"1990","journal-title":"Diabetes Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00019052-199606000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.66.6.706"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2007.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.52.3.635"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.51.5.605"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/121.4.767"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000310983.38724.d4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2016.08.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2011-301882"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182904fcc"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.54.12.2311"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jns5.12051"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000436073.21406.e6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000445347"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.53.2.409"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jns5.12068"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(97)90203-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","unstructured":"StatisticsDenmark.https:\/\/www.statbank.dk\/statbank5a\/default.asp?w=1536. 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