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Neopterin and p75<jats:sup>ECD<\/jats:sup> were measured using enzyme\u2010linked immunoassays. Baseline and longitudinal changes in clinical measures, neopterin and urinary p75<jats:sup>ECD<\/jats:sup> were examined, and prognostic utility was explored by survival analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>At baseline, urinary neopterin was higher in ALS compared to controls (181.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a078.9\u00a0\u03bcmol\/mol creatinine vs. 120.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a060.8\u00a0\u03bcmol\/mol creatinine, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.002, Welch's <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> test) and correlated with the Revised ALS Functional Rating Scale (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.36, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.01). Combining previously published urinary p75<jats:sup>ECD<\/jats:sup> results from 22 ALS patients with a further 24 ALS patients, baseline urinary p75<jats:sup>ECD<\/jats:sup> was also higher compared to healthy controls (6.0\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.7 vs. 3.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.0\u00a0ng\/mg creatinine, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001) and correlated with the Revised ALS Functional Rating Scale (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.36, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.01). Urinary neopterin and p75<jats:sup>ECD<\/jats:sup> correlated with each other at baseline (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.38, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.009). In longitudinal analysis, urinary neopterin increased on average (\u00b1SE) by 6.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.1\u00a0\u00b5mol\/mol creatinine per month (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001) and p75<jats:sup>ECD<\/jats:sup> by 0.19\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.02\u00a0ng\/mg creatinine per month (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001) from diagnosis in 29 ALS patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Urinary neopterin holds promise as marker of disease progression in ALS and is worthy of future evaluation for its potential to predict response to anti\u2010inflammatory therapies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.15237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,30]],"date-time":"2021-12-30T01:08:28Z","timestamp":1640826508000},"page":"990-999","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Urinary neopterin: A novel biomarker of 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