{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T14:26:22Z","timestamp":1791901582205,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,7]],"date-time":"2022-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81671233"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81671233"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017YFC0907705"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017YFC0907705"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>To analyze disease generalization in patients with ocular myasthenia gravis (OMG) treated with immunosuppression compared with patients without immunosuppression treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed data from patients with OMG at seven medical centers in China from January 1, 2015 to May 1, 2019 and compared disease generalization in patients (treated with immunosuppression vs. not treated) within 2\u00a0years of disease onset using raw and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analyses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the study population of 813 patients with OMG, 425 (52.3%) with immunosuppression had a mean (SD) onset age of 50.0 (15.1) years, and 188 (44.2%) were women. The remaining 388 (47.7%) patients were not immunosuppressed (mean age, 48.4 [15.0] years; 185 [47.7%] women). Disease generalization developed in 122 (31.4%) and 37 (8.7%) patients in the non\u2010immunosuppression and immunosuppression groups, respectively. Relative to non\u2010immunosuppression, immunosuppression was associated with a lower risk of generalization in a multivariable\u2010adjusted Cox model (hazard ratio [HR] 0.27; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.18\u20130.40; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) and IPTW\u2010weighted Cox model (HR 0.28; 95% CI 0.19\u20130.42; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). In sensitivity analyses, longer duration of immunosuppression was associated with a lower risk of generalization (HR 0.90 for every 1\u2010month increase; 95% CI 0.87\u20130.92; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001; IPTW\u2010adjusted). Combination therapy with steroids and non\u2010steroidal immunosuppressants showed superior efficacy in reducing the risk of generalization (HR 0.14; 95% CI 0.07\u20130.26; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Immunosuppression significantly reduced the 2\u2010year risk of generalization in patients with OMG.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.15292","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T16:46:36Z","timestamp":1645461996000},"page":"1805-1814","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Association of immunosuppression treatment with generalization among patients with ocular myasthenia gravis: A\u00a0propensity score analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8190-4022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhe","family":"Ruan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Tangdu Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rongjing","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Tangdu Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7637-1305","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongyu","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology West China Hospital Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroimmunology Henan 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