{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T10:02:46Z","timestamp":1780480966939,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,5]],"date-time":"2022-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656979200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006528","name":"Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Emory University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30AG 62677"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30AG 62677"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006528","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is a potentially treatable cause of rapidly progressive dementia that may mimic Creutzfeldt\u2013Jakob disease (CJD). Alzheimer disease (AD) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers may discriminate CJD from AD, but utility in discriminating CJD and AE is unclear. This study compared AD CSF biomarkers in CJD and AE.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with probable or definite CJD and probable or definite AE who underwent Roche Elecsys AD CSF biomarker testing at Mayo Clinic from March 2020 through April 2021 were included. Total\u2010tau, phosphorylated<jats:sub>181<\/jats:sub> tau and amyloid\u2010\u03b2<jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub> levels were compared.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 11 CJD cases, four were autopsy proven; the rest had positive real\u2010time quaking\u2010induced conversion testing. Disease\u2010associated autoantibodies were detected in 8\/15 cases of AE: leucine\u2010rich glioma\u2010inactivated 1 and neuronal intermediate filaments (two cases each), and <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010methyl\u2010<jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\u2010aspartate receptor, contactin\u2010associated protein\u2010like 2, dipeptidyl\u2010peptidase\u2010like protein 6 and immunoglobulin\u2010like cell adhesion molecule IgLON family member 5. Total\u2010tau provided excellent discrimination between CJD and AE in a univariate model (odds ratio 1.46 per 100\u2009pg\/ml, 95% confidence interval 1.17\u20132.11, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05, <jats:italic>c<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.93). Total\u2010tau was elevated in 91% of CJD cases (median\u2009&gt;\u20091300, range 236\u2013&gt;1300\u2009pg\/ml), of which 55% were above the limit of assay measurement (&gt;1300\u2009pg\/ml). Total\u2010tau was elevated in 20% of AE cases (median 158, range 80\u2013&gt;1300\u2009pg\/ml).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Total\u2010tau was greater in CJD than AE. Given that amyloid\u2010\u03b2<jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub> and phosphorylated<jats:sub>181<\/jats:sub> tau were comparable, the ratio differences were probably driven by elevated total\u2010tau in CJD. This study supports the role for AD biomarker testing in patients with rapidly progressive dementia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.15469","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,23]],"date-time":"2022-06-23T12:17:15Z","timestamp":1655986635000},"page":"2905-2912","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Alzheimer's disease cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers differentiate patients with Creutzfeldt\u2013Jakob disease and autoimmune encephalitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6880-3462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bryce K.","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory S.","family":"Day","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic  Jacksonville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Graff\u2010Radford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"McKeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eoin P.","family":"Flanagan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alicia","family":"Algeciras\u2010Schimnich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle M.","family":"Mielke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Department of Quantitative Health Sciences Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aivi","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David T.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Toledano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter K.","family":"Kremers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Quantitative Health Sciences Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David S.","family":"Knopman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald C.","family":"Petersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Department of Quantitative Health Sciences Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wentao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(20)30477-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000178"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22454"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WAD.0000000000000472"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WAD.0000000000000276"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2013.6455"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002923"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000011937"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(14)70051-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","unstructured":"Centers for 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Published October 18 2021.https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/prions\/cjd\/diagnostic\u2010criteria.html. Accessed 12 Sep 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(15)00401-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12406"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WNN.0000000000000276"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.51297"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2021.577474"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2019.04.081"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001220"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2014.4068"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2015.10.009"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ene.15469","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ene.15469","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ene.15469","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]],"date-time":"2023-08-23T15:14:25Z","timestamp":1692803665000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ene.15469"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,5]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ene.15469"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ene.15469","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1351-5101","1468-1331"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1351-5101","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-1331","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-05-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-06-10","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-07-05","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}