{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T17:25:40Z","timestamp":1781285140964,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,15]],"date-time":"2022-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668470400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim was to evaluate the potential of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) measured with optical coherence tomography in predicting disease progression in relapsing\u2013remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Analyses were conducted post hoc of this 24\u2010month, phase III, double\u2010blind study, in which RRMS patients were randomized (1:1:1) to once daily oral fingolimod 0.5\u00a0mg, 1.25\u2009mg or placebo. The key outcomes were the association between baseline RNFLT and baseline clinical characteristics and clinical\/imaging outcomes up to 24\u2009months. Change of RNFLT with fingolimod versus placebo within 24\u2009months and time to retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thinning were evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Altogether 885 patients were included. At baseline, lower RNFLT was correlated with higher Expanded Disability Status Scale score (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u22121.085,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.018), lower brain volume (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.025,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.006) and deep gray matter volume (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.731,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001), worse visual acuity (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u221219.846,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) and longer duration since diagnosis (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.258,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.018). At month 12, low baseline RNFLT (&lt;86\u2009\u03bcm) versus high baseline RNFLT (\u226599\u2009\u03bcm) was associated with a greater brain volume loss (percentage change \u22120.605% vs. \u22120.315%,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.035) in patients without optic neuritis history. At month 24, low baseline RNFLT versus high baseline RNFLT was associated with a higher number of new or newly enlarged T2 lesions (mean number 4.0 vs. 2.8,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.014) and a higher risk of subsequent RNFL thinning (hazard ratio 2.55; 95% confidence interval 1.84\u20133.53;<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The atrophy of the RNFL in the inferior quadrant was alleviated with fingolimod 0.5\u00a0mg versus placebo at month 24 (\u0394(least squares mean)\u00a0=\u00a01.8,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.047).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness could predict disease progression in RRMS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title><jats:p>Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT00355134,<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT00355134\">https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT00355134<\/jats:ext-link>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.15612","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,26]],"date-time":"2022-10-26T13:14:53Z","timestamp":1666790093000},"page":"443-452","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Baseline retinal nerve fiber layer thickness as a predictor of multiple sclerosis progression: New insights from the<scp>FREEDOMS II<\/scp>study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Liang","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Rare Disease Center, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University Shanghai China"},{"name":"National Center for Neurological Disorders Shanghai 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