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Here, we examine the association of Cnm\u2010positive <jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic> with CMBs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Acute stroke patients were selected from a single\u2010center registry database. Oral carriage of Cnm\u2010positive or Cnm\u2010negative <jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic> was determined using polymerase chain reaction assays. The associations of Cnm\u2010positive <jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic> with CMB number and specifically the presence of &gt;10 CMBs were examined using quasi\u2010Poisson and logistic regression models, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study included 3154 stroke patients, of which 428 patients (median [interquartile range] age, 73.0 [63.0\u201381.0] years; 269 men [62.9%]) underwent oral bacterial examinations. In total, 326 patients harbored <jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic>. After excluding four patients without imaging data, we compared patients with Cnm\u2010positive (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a072) and Cnm\u2010negative (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0250) <jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic>. Harboring Cnm\u2010positive <jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic> was independently associated with the presence of &gt;10 CMBs (adjusted odds ratio 2.20 [1.18\u20134.10]) and higher numbers of deep and lobar CMBs (adjusted risk ratio 1.61 [1.14\u20132.27] for deep; 5.14 [2.78\u20139.51] for lobar), but not infratentorial CMBs, after adjusting for age, sex, hypertension, stroke type, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, and cerebral amyloid angiopathy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Harboring Cnm\u2010positive <jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic> was independently associated with a higher number of CMBs in deep and lobar locations. Reducing Cnm\u2010positive <jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic> in the oral cavity may serve as a novel therapeutic approach for stroke.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.15720","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,28]],"date-time":"2023-01-28T07:39:07Z","timestamp":1674891547000},"page":"3487-3496","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Harboring Cnm\u2010expressing <i>Streptococcus mutans<\/i> in the oral cavity relates to both deep and lobar cerebral microbleeds"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7808-6620","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuhei","family":"Ikeda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center  Suita Japan"},{"name":"Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center  Suita Japan"},{"name":"Division of 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