{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:55:34Z","timestamp":1777942534685,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,16]],"date-time":"2023-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FI 773\/15\u20101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FI 773\/15\u20101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["431549029, SFB 1451"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["431549029, SFB 1451"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cognitive decline is a frequent and debilitating non\u2010motor symptom for patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Metabolic alterations in the occipital cortex during visual processing may serve as a biomarker for cognitive decline in patients with PD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixteen patients with PD (Unified Parkinson's\u00a0Disease Rating Scale Part 3, OFF, 38.69\u2009\u00b1\u200917.25) and 10 age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched healthy controls (HC) underwent 7\u2010T\u00a0functional magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) utilizing a visual checkerboard stimulation. Glutamate metabolite levels during rest versus stimulation were compared. Furthermore, correlates of the functional MRS response with performance in visuo\u2010cognitive tests were investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>No differences in static MRS between patients with PD and HC were detected, but a dynamic glutamate response was observed in functional MRS in HC upon visual stimulation, which was blunted in patients with PD (<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1,22<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20097.13, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.014; \u2009=\u20090.245). A diminished glutamate response correlated with poorer performance in the Benton Judgment of Line Orientation test in PD (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.57, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.020).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results indicate that functional MRS captures even subtle differences in neural processing linked to the behavioral performance, which would have been missed by conventional, static MRS. Functional MRS thus represents a promising tool for studying molecular alterations at high sensitivity. Its prognostic potential should be evaluated in longitudinal studies, prospectively contributing to earlier diagnosis and individual treatment decisions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.15818","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]],"date-time":"2023-04-11T05:56:05Z","timestamp":1681192565000},"page":"2106-2111","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Visuo\u2010spatial processing is linked to cortical glutamate dynamics in Parkinson's disease \u2014 a 7\u2010T functional <scp>magnetic resonance spectroscopy<\/scp> study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5858-7762","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anja","family":"Ophey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Psychology | Neuropsychology and Gender Studies, Center for Neuropsychological Diagnostics and Intervention (CeNDI), University Hospital Cologne and Faculty of Medicine University of Cologne  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2902-8667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ezequiel","family":"Farrher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM\u20104 Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich  J\u00fclich Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nora","family":"Pagel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne and Faculty of Medicine University of Cologne  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3135-8091","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aline","family":"Seger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne and Faculty of Medicine University of Cologne  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1341-0389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher E. J.","family":"Doppler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne and Faculty of Medicine University of Cologne  Cologne Germany"},{"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine 3, INM\u20103 Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich  J\u00fclich Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8151-6169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N. Jon","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM\u20104 Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich  J\u00fclich Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 11, INM\u201011, JARA Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich  J\u00fclich Germany"},{"name":"JARA \u2013 BRAIN \u2013 Translational Medicine  Aachen Germany"},{"name":"Department of Neurology RWTH Aachen University  Aachen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8603-2545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elke","family":"Kalbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Psychology | Neuropsychology and Gender Studies, Center for Neuropsychological Diagnostics and Intervention (CeNDI), University Hospital Cologne and Faculty of Medicine University of Cologne  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8230-1856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gereon R.","family":"Fink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne and Faculty of Medicine University of Cologne  Cologne Germany"},{"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine 3, INM\u20103 Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich  J\u00fclich Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5723-9766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Sommerauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne and Faculty of Medicine University of Cologne  Cologne Germany"},{"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine 3, INM\u20103 Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich  J\u00fclich Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61393-3"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Parkinson disease\u2010associated cognitive impairment","volume":"7","author":"Aarsland D","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27902"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2022.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21956"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-018-4035-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JPD-150583"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000006007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aww175"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JPD-223238"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2022.104940"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1214-18.2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.23194"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X19831022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhm250"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ene.15818","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,19]],"date-time":"2023-08-19T20:48:11Z","timestamp":1692478091000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ene.15818"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,16]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ene.15818"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ene.15818","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1351-5101","1468-1331"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1351-5101","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-1331","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-12-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-04-03","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-04-16","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}