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However, evidence regarding target selection considering various symptoms remains limited. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of these two targets in patients with isolated dystonia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective study evaluated 71 consecutive patients (GPi\u2010DBS group, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> =\u200932; STN\u2010DBS group, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> =\u200939) with isolated dystonia. Burke\u2013Fahn\u2013Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale scores and quality of life were evaluated preoperatively and at 1, 6, 12, and 36\u2009months postoperatively. Cognition and mental status were assessed preoperatively and at 36\u2009months postoperatively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Targeting the STN (STN\u2010DBS) yielded effects within 1\u2009month (65% vs. 44%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0076) and was superior at 1\u2009year (70% vs. 51%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0112) and 3\u2009years (74% vs. 59%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0138). For individual symptoms, STN\u2010DBS was preferable for eye involvement (81% vs. 56%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0255), whereas targeting the GPi (GPi\u2010DBS) was better for axis symptoms, especially for the trunk (82% vs. 94%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.015). STN\u2010DBS was also favorable for generalized dystonia at 36\u2010month follow\u2010up (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04) and required less electrical energy (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). Disability, quality of life, and depression and anxiety measures were also improved. Neither target influenced cognition.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We demonstrated that the GPi and STN are safe and effective targets for isolated dystonia. The STN has the benefits of fast action and low battery consumption, and is superior for ocular dystonia and generalized dystonia, while the GPi is better for trunk involvement. These findings may offer guidance for future DBS target selection for different types of dystonia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.15895","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,26]],"date-time":"2023-05-26T18:09:37Z","timestamp":1685124577000},"page":"2629-2640","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Globus pallidus internus versus subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation for isolated dystonia: A 3\u2010year follow\u2010up"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Suzhen","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology &amp; Institute of Neurology, RuiJin Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai 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