{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T18:58:09Z","timestamp":1791313089731,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,30]],"date-time":"2023-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690675200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82071501"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82071501"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The gut microbiome has been reported to be closely related to Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. Here, a comprehensive meta\u2010analysis of gut microbial characteristics in AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and subjective cognitive decline (SCD) was performed to compare gut microbial alterations at each stage.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 10 databases (CNKI, WanFang, VIP, SinoMed, WOS, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO and Void) were searched and 34 case\u2013control studies were included. \u03b1 and \u03b2 diversity and the relative abundance of gut microbiota were analysed as outcome indices. Data analysis was performed using Review Manager (5.4.1) and R.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chao1 and Shannon index levels in AD were significantly lower compared with healthy controls (HCs), and the Chao1 index was significantly lower in MCI compared with HCs. There was a significant difference in \u03b2 diversity of gut microbiomes in patients (SCD, MCI, AD) compared with HCs. The relative abundance of Firmicutes at the phylum level was significantly lower in patients with AD and MCI than HCs. However, the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes at the phylum level was significantly higher in patients with MCI than HCs. There was an increasing trend for Enterobacteriaceae and a decreasing trend for Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Lactobacillus during AD; Lactobacillus showed a decreasing trend early in SCD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our results indicated that there were gut microbiological abnormalities in AD, even as early as the SCD stage. The dynamic, consistent changes in gut microbes with the disease process showed that they might serve as potential biomarkers for early identification and diagnosis of AD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.15961","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]],"date-time":"2023-07-03T12:49:10Z","timestamp":1688388550000},"page":"3568-3580","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Gut microbiome characteristics in subjective cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8001-1302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guanlin","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Shanghai Normal University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqi","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yikang","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3605-0782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wendian","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Shanghai Normal University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Shanghai Normal University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Neuropathologic changes in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"64","author":"Wenk GL","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2013.01.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2019.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2006.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(19)30368-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2017.0928"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-018-1388-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.155"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(19)30356-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-010919-023628"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-25650-0_8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S139163"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-180176"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118627"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181fe7825"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.15.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-135"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119536604","volume-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions","author":"Higgins JP","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2010.0292"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","volume-title":"GRADE Handbook for Grading Quality of Evidence and Strength of Recommendation. 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