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Here our interest lay in CIDP\u2010related theory of mind (ToM) capacities as an aspect of social cognition relevant for many aspects of everyday life.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010nine patients with CIDP and 23 healthy controls participated in this study. They were subjected to overview cognitive testing, different executive function (EF) tasks, as well as to the Faux Pas Recognition Task (FPRT) for assessing cognitive ToM and the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET) with respect to affective ToM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Persons with CIDP and controls did not differ with respect to their overall cognitive state. However, in the German verbal fluency standard, the digit span forward and the digit span backward tests used as EF tasks patients performed significantly worse than controls. Further, performance was abnormally low in the FPRT, whilst the groups did not differ with respect to RMET results. The FPRT and digit span backward results correlated with each other.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with CIDP showed deficits in cognitive ToM performance together with EF dysfunction, whilst affective ToM was preserved. Altogether, the results suggest that low cognitive ToM capacities in patients with CIDP arise as a particular aspect of disease\u2010related executive dysfunction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.16053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,9]],"date-time":"2023-09-09T09:18:43Z","timestamp":1694251123000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Theory of mind and executive dysfunction in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4495-0089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannah","family":"Lochmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Motor and Cognition Group Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin (CBF)  Berlin 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