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Despite this, the extent of mental health problems following encephalitis has not been systematically reported.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We recruited adults who had been diagnosed with encephalitis of any aetiology to complete a web\u2010based questionnaire.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 445 respondents from 31 countries (55.1% UK, 23.1% USA) responded. Infectious encephalitis constituted 65.4% of cases, autoimmune 29.7%. Mean age was 50.1\u2009years, 65.8% were female, and median time since encephalitis diagnosis was 7\u2009years. The most common self\u2010reported psychiatric symptoms were anxiety (75.2%), sleep problems (64.4%), mood problems (62.2%), and unexpected crying (35.2%). Self\u2010reported psychiatric diagnoses were common: anxiety (44.0%), depression (38.6%), panic disorder (15.7%), and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; 21.3%). Severe mental illnesses such as psychosis (3.3%) and bipolar affective disorder (3.1%) were reported. Self\u2010reported diagnosis rates were broadly consistent with results from the Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire. Many respondents also reported they had symptoms of anxiety (37.5%), depression (28.1%), PTSD (26.8%), or panic disorder (20.9%) that had not been diagnosed. Rates of psychiatric symptoms did not differ between autoimmune and infectious encephalitis. In total, 37.5% respondents had thought about suicide, and 4.4% had attempted suicide, since their encephalitis diagnosis. More than half of respondents (53.5%) reported they had no, or substandard, access to appropriate mental health care. High rates of sensory hypersensitivities (&gt;75%) suggest a previously unreported association.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This large international survey indicates that psychiatric symptoms following encephalitis are common and that mental health care provision may be inadequate. We highlight a need for proactive psychiatric input.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.16083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,6]],"date-time":"2023-10-06T17:29:01Z","timestamp":1696613341000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Mental health outcomes of encephalitis: An international web\u2010based study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9734-6539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matt","family":"Butler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuropsychiatry Research and Education Group King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasmin","family":"Abdat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuropsychiatry Research and Education Group King's College London  London 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