{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:44:02Z","timestamp":1790729042115,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,10]],"date-time":"2023-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699574400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008771","name":"Tourette Association of America","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008771","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children in developed countries spend a significant portion of their waking hours engaging with audiovisual content and video games. The impact of media consumption on children's health and well\u2010being has been widely studied, including its effects on tic disorders. Previous studies have shown that tic frequency can both increase and decrease during activities like gaming and television watching, resulting in mixed findings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>To better understand the impact of audiovisual media on tics, we conducted a fine\u2010grained tic manifestation analysis. We focused on the effects of the impact of a movie scene with suspensful elements and a video game designed to heighten anticipation, thought to stimulate phasic and striatal dopamine release. We closely monitored tic frequency throuhghout these experiences based on moment\u2010to\u2010moment tic annotation. The study included 20 participants (19 males aged 7\u201016) diagnosed with tic disorders (Yale Global Tic Severity Scale\u22658), and we tested the replicability of our findings with an independent group of 36 children (15 females, aged 7\u201015) with tic disorders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During film viewing, we observed significant synchronization in the temporal tic patterns of various individuals despite diversity in their tic profiles. Furthermore, employing a video game developed for our study, we found that tic frequency increases during anticipation of a pending reward. This finding was replicated in a second experiment with an independent cohort.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results indicate that tic frequency is affected by media elements in the short\u2010term, and call for further investigation of the long\u2010term impacts of exposure to such tic triggers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.16120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,10]],"date-time":"2023-11-10T08:38:00Z","timestamp":1699605480000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Impact of movie and video game elements on tic manifestation in children"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9032-8613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gal","family":"Raz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Steve Tisch School of Film and Television, Faculty of the Arts Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Sagol School of Neuroscience Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Sagol Brain Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiri","family":"Davidovitch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sagol Brain Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mor","family":"Halevi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sagol Brain Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maya","family":"Zuckerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David and Yolanda Katz Faculty of the Arts Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yael","family":"Ben\u2010Haim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychological Sciences Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuval","family":"Koryto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sagol Brain Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamar","family":"Steinberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Matta and Harry Freund Neuropsychiatric Tourette Clinic, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel  Petach Tikva Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yael","family":"Leitner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Child Development Institute, Dana\u2010Dwek Children's Hospital Tel Aviv Medical Center  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Pediatric Neurology Unit, Dana\u2010Dwek Children's Hospital Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael S.","family":"Rotstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Child Development Institute, Dana\u2010Dwek Children's Hospital Tel Aviv Medical Center  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Pediatric Neurology Unit, Dana\u2010Dwek Children's Hospital Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","unstructured":"RideoutV PeeblesA MannS RobbMB.Common Sense Census: Media Use by Tweens and Teens 2021.2022."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/PNAS.2120009119\/SUPPL_FILE\/PNAS.2120009119.SAPP.PDF"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","unstructured":"GuttmannA.Children and Media in the United Kingdom (UK).2023. 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