{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T00:49:41Z","timestamp":1793234981428,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]],"date-time":"2023-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701993600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) may cause recurrent brain abscess. The primary aim was to determine the prevalence of PAVM amongst survivors of brain abscess. The proportion with cardiac right\u2010to\u2010left shunts was also assessed post hoc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a cross\u2010sectional population\u2010based study of adult (\u226518\u2009years) survivors of cryptogenic bacterial brain abscess in Denmark from 2007 through 2016. Patients were invited for bubble\u2010echocardiography to detect vascular right\u2010to\u2010left shunting and, if abnormal, subsequent computed tomography thorax for diagnosis of PAVM. Data are presented as <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> (%) or median with interquartile range (IQR).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Study participation was accepted by 47\/157 (30%) eligible patients amongst whom two did not appear for scheduled bubble\u2010echocardiography. The median age of participants was 54\u2009years (IQR 45\u201362) and 19\/57 (33%) were females compared with 59\u2009years (IQR 48\u201368, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.05) and 41\/85 females (48%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.22) in non\u2010participants. Bubble\u2010echocardiography was suggestive of shunt in 10\/45 (22%) participants and PAVM was subsequently confirmed by computed tomography in one patient with grade 1 shunting. The corresponding prevalence of PAVM was 2% (95% confidence interval 0.06\u201311.8) amongst all examined participants. Another 9\/45 (20%) were diagnosed with patent in persistent foramen ovale (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20098) or atrial septum defect (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091), which is comparable with the overall prevalence of 25% amongst adults in the Danish background population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Undiagnosed PAVM amongst adult survivors of cryptogenic bacterial brain abscess is rare but may be considered in select patients. The prevalence of cardiac right\u2010to\u2010left shunts amongst brain abscess patients corresponds to the prevalence in the general population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.16176","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]],"date-time":"2023-12-08T17:06:20Z","timestamp":1702055180000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations in patients with previous brain abscess: a cross\u2010sectional population\u2010based study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7398-814X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacob","family":"Bodilsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Aalborg University Hospital  Aalborg 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R\u00f8nde","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Hvidovre University Hospital  Hvidovre Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Nilsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Hvidovre University Hospital  Hvidovre Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars Haukali","family":"Omland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emil","family":"Fosb\u00f8l","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Heart Centre University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Institute for Clinical Medicine University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen 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