{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:28:13Z","timestamp":1753878493224,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,12]],"date-time":"2024-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002543","name":"Pusan National University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Diagnosis of lymphoma involving the central nervous system (CNS) is challenging. This study aimed to explore the abnormal vestibular and ocular motor findings in CNS lymphoma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective search of the medical records identified 30 patients with CNS lymphoma presenting ocular motor and vestibular abnormalities from four neurology clinics of university hospitals in South Korea (22 men, age range 14\u201381\u2009years, mean 60.6\u2009\u00b1\u200915.2). The demographic and clinical features and the results of laboratory, radiological and pathological evaluation were analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients presented with diplopia (13\/30, 43%), vestibular symptoms (15\/30, 50%) or both (2\/30, 7%). In 15 patients with diplopia, abnormal ocular motor findings included ocular motor nerve palsy (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200910, 67%), internuclear ophthalmoplegia (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20092, 13%), external ophthalmoplegia (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20092, 13%) and exophoria (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091, 7%). The vestibular abnormalities were isolated in 14 (82%) of 17 patients with vestibular symptoms and included combined unilateral peripheral and central vestibulopathy in three from lesions involving the vestibular nuclei. CNS lymphoma involved the brainstem (53%), cerebellum (33%), leptomeninges (30%), deep gray nuclei (23%) or cranial nerves (17%). Two patients showed the \u201cdouble\u2010panda\u201d sign by involving the midbrain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study expands the clinical and radiological spectra of CNS lymphoma. Neuro\u2010ophthalmological and neuro\u2010otological evaluation may guide the early diagnosis of CNS lymphoma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.16242","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,12]],"date-time":"2024-02-12T10:34:59Z","timestamp":1707734099000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ocular motor and vestibular dysfunction in central nervous system lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Suk\u2010Min","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Hospital Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute  Busan South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seo Young","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Hospital Pusan National University School 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