{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T22:42:27Z","timestamp":1765233747553,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,11]],"date-time":"2024-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710115200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Paraneoplastic neurological autoimmunity is well described with small\u2010cell lung cancer, but information is limited for other neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adult patients with histopathologically confirmed non\u2010pulmonary NENs, neurological autoimmunity within 5\u2009years of NEN diagnosis, and neural antibody testing performed at the Mayo Clinic Neuroimmunology Laboratory (January 2008 to March 2023) were retrospectively identified. Control sera were available from patients with NENs without neurological autoimmunity (116).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010four patients were identified (median age 68\u2009years, range 31\u201387). The most common primary tumor sites were pancreas (nine), skin (Merkel cell, eight), small bowel\/duodenum (seven), and unknown (seven). Five patients received immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy before symptom onset; symptoms preceded cancer diagnosis in 62.1% of non\u2010ICI\u2010treated patients. The most frequent neurological phenotypes (non\u2010ICI\u2010treated) were movement disorders (12; cerebellar ataxia in 10), dysautonomia (six), peripheral neuropathy (eight), encephalitis (four), and neuromuscular junction disorders (four). Neural antibodies were detected in 55.9% of patients studied (most common specificities: P\/Q\u2010type voltage\u2010gated calcium channel [seven], muscle\u2010type acetylcholine receptor [three], anti\u2010neuronal nuclear antibody type 1 [three], and neuronal intermediate filaments [two]), but in only 6.9% of controls. Amongst patients receiving cancer or immunosuppressive therapy, 51.6% had partial or complete recovery. Outcomes were unfavorable in 48.3% (non\u2010ICI\u2010treated) and neural autoantibody positivity was associated with poor neurological outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neurological autoimmunity associated with non\u2010pulmonary NENs is often multifocal and can be treatment responsive, underscoring the importance of rapid recognition and early treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.16273","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,11]],"date-time":"2024-03-11T12:59:23Z","timestamp":1710161963000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Neurological autoimmunity in patients with non\u2010pulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasms: clinical manifestations and neural autoantibody profiles"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5051-1739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgios","family":"Mangioris","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thorvardur R.","family":"Halfdanarson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vanda A.","family":"Lennon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Department of Immunology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6880-3462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bryce K.","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Divyanshu","family":"Dubey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P. 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