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The peripheral immune profile in PSP remains unclear, as well as whether the inflammatory pathways differ from those in PD. The neutrophil\u2010to\u2010lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been proven to be a well\u2010established biomarker of systemic inflammation. This study aimed to evaluate the peripheral immune profile in PSP compared with PD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional study was conducted including patients with PSP and PD and healthy controls (HCs). Leukocyte subpopulations and the NLR were measured in peripheral blood. Multivariate linear regression and post hoc tests were applied. Electronic databases were searched in November 2023 to perform meta\u2010analyses to clarify the peripheral immune profile in PSP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our cohort included 121 patients with PSP, 127 patients with PD and 266 HCs. The NLR was higher in PSP and PD compared with HCs. PSP had a higher neutrophil count compared with HCs. Whilst a lower lymphocyte count was found in PD compared with HCs, the lymphocyte count did not differ between PSP and HCs. The meta\u2010analyses supported this immune profile.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>PSP\u00a0and PD show an increased peripheral inflammation and a higher NLR compared with HCs. Different pathogenic inflammatory mechanisms are probably involved in PSP and PD, since in PSP this altered peripheral immune profile is mainly driven by neutrophils. Understanding the neutrophils' role in PSP may allow for the development of targeted therapies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.16451","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,20]],"date-time":"2024-08-20T06:04:18Z","timestamp":1724133858000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Peripheral immune profile and neutrophil\u2010to\u2010lymphocyte ratio in progressive supranuclear palsy: Case\u2013control study and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8818-1824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Mu\u00f1oz\u2010Delgado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurolog\u00eda, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla Hospital Universitario Virgen del Roc\u00edo\/CSIC\/Universidad de Sevilla  Seville Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n 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