{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T04:04:30Z","timestamp":1791345870562,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]],"date-time":"2024-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody\u2010associated disease (MOGAD) is a relatively recently described disease, most commonly presenting with optic neuritis and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis. Cerebral cortical encephalitis is a rare manifestation of MOGAD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified patients presenting with cerebral cortical encephalitis with positive MOG antibodies in serum across a large specialized service. Demographic and clinical information were collected. We describe clinical and laboratory characteristics, treatment response, and subsequent relapse risk in adults presenting with this phenotype.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified eight patients meeting clinical criteria for cerebral cortical encephalitis with MOG antibodies. All had seizures; four had focal onset seizures with or without secondary generalization. Two patients exhibited encephalopathy, and six demonstrated focal neurological deficits at presentation. All had fluid\u2010attenuated inversion recovery hyperintensities. Five of eight displayed cerebral swelling, and two of eight displayed leptomeningeal enhancement. Where cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) results were available, five of seven had CSF pleocytosis, protein was raised in two of seven, and one patient had oligoclonal bands unique to CSF. Median time to seizure control was 1.25\u2009months, and all clinical features and magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities resolved. Four of eight patients (50%) had a clinical relapse, with a median time to relapse of 6.4\u2009months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cerebral cortical encephalitis appears to share similar CSF findings, steroid responsiveness, and risk of relapse with other clinical manifestations of MOGAD. This informs treatment decisions and patient counselling.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.16550","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]],"date-time":"2024-11-19T12:39:50Z","timestamp":1732019990000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Cerebral cortical encephalitis in adults with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein <scp>antibody\u2010associated<\/scp> disease: A national case series"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Samuel","family":"Pace","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Messina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences Oxford University Hospitals  Oxford UK"},{"name":"Neurology Department, Wexham Park Hospital Frimley Foundation Health Trust  Slough UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences Oxford University Hospitals  Oxford UK"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radu","family":"Tanasescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience Academic Unit University of Nottingham School of Medicine  Nottingham UK"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust  Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Athanasios","family":"Papathanasiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust  Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2066-7585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cris S.","family":"Constantinescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience Academic Unit University of Nottingham School of Medicine  Nottingham UK"},{"name":"Cooper Neurological Institute Cooper Medical School of Rowan University  Camden New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria I.","family":"Leite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences Oxford University Hospitals  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark D.","family":"Willis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helen Durham Centre for Neuroinflammatory Disease, Department of Neurology University Hospital of Wales  Cardiff UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet A.","family":"Johnston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University Hospital of Wales  Cardiff UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline","family":"Palace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences Oxford University Hospitals  Oxford UK"},{"name":"Neurology Department, Wexham Park Hospital Frimley Foundation Health Trust  Slough UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2993-585X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruth","family":"Dobson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust  London UK"},{"name":"Centre for Preventive Neurology Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2015.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31826aac4e"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(22)00431-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000005560"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2018.1814"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2018.07.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2018.4053"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000322"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2020-325121"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-019-09440-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.15684"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ene.16550","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]],"date-time":"2025-01-27T05:16:16Z","timestamp":1737954976000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ene.16550"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ene.16550"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ene.16550","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1351-5101","1468-1331"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1351-5101","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-1331","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-08-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-31","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-11-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e16550"}}