{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T22:22:00Z","timestamp":1791411720050,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]],"date-time":"2025-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739145600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with no cure. Glucagon\u2010like peptide\u20101 receptor agonists (GLP\u20101RAs) may have neuroprotective effects. However, long\u2010term real\u2010world studies are needed to clarify their potential impact on Parkinson's disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This nationwide cohort study included 33,462 patients (16,731 GLP\u20101RA initiators and 16,731 propensity score\u2010matched dipeptidyl peptidase\u20104 inhibitor [DPP\u20104i] initiators) from 2007 to 2018, followed until 2022. Eligible participants were \u2265\u200950\u2009years, had no prior cancer or Parkinson's disease, and were residents in Denmark for at least 10\u2009years. Patients were followed until Parkinson's diagnosis, death, emigration, treatment discontinuation (no additional prescription within 180\u2009days), switch to the other study drug, or end of follow\u2010up. Additional analyses included comparisons with insulin, competing risk of death, and the main analysis disregarding adherence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During follow\u2010up, 192 patients developed Parkinson's disease, including 93 during sustained treatment. After 10\u2009years, sustained GLP\u20101RA users had a lower hazard ratio (HR 0.57 (95% CI 0.37;0.85)) and absolute risk difference (\u22120.24 (95% CI \u22120.63 to 0.15)) compared to DPP\u20104i users. Similar trends were found when using insulin as a comparator. A significant survival advantage was found among sustained users of GLP\u20101RA (particularly when comparing with insulin). When not accounting for adherence, the results was not statistically significant.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Results were suggestive for a potential neuroprotective effect of GLP\u20101RAs against Parkinson's disease. Further studies are needed to assess biomarkers of disease progression, and evaluate safety in patients with Parkinson's disease, dosing, and effects when combined with other treatments in neurodegenerative diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.70075","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]],"date-time":"2025-02-10T23:00:12Z","timestamp":1739228412000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["<scp>GLP<\/scp>\n                    \u20101 Agonists as Potential Neuromodulators in Development of Parkinson's Disease: A Nationwide Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9625-2979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mads","family":"Gamborg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer and Medicine Danish Cancer Institute, Danish Cancer Society  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mia Klinten","family":"Grand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Statistics and Data Analysis Danish Cancer Institute, Danish Cancer Society  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jasmin","family":"Arvedsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer and Medicine Danish Cancer Institute, Danish Cancer Society  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amani","family":"Meaidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer and Medicine Danish Cancer Institute, Danish Cancer Society  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lina Steinrud","family":"M\u00f8rch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer and Medicine Danish Cancer Institute, Danish Cancer Society  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.776847"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2024.106011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2023.105471"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11132023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2312323"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI68295"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(17)31585\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.98.18_supplement.3068"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2024.113537"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa262"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25073812"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines12030549"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s43440\u2010023\u201000500\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010023\u201049870\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26734"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ene.70075","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]],"date-time":"2025-05-15T01:38:58Z","timestamp":1747273138000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ene.70075"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ene.70075"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ene.70075","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1351-5101","1468-1331"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1351-5101","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-1331","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-09-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-01-20","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-10","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70075"}}