{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:31:46Z","timestamp":1753878706946,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]],"date-time":"2025-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740441600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011084","name":"Sigma Xia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011084","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study explores the relationship between inflammation and longevity in a high\u2010incidence focus of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in post\u2010WWII Guam. Characteristics of this focus include the sudden appearance of the disease in high numbers and the unusually long lifespan (without medical interventions) seen in some cases. We used bio\u2010banked specimens to evaluate the relationship between serum immunoregulators and survival time.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We evaluated sera from 69 Guam ALS cases collected within 2\u2009years of symptom onset by NIH researchers from 1950 to 1983 for 11 immunoregulators via ELISA (CRP, eotaxin\u20101, RANTES, IL\u20106, IL\u20108, IL\u201010, IFN\u2010\u03b3, IP\u201010, MCP\u20101, MCP\u20102 and TARC). Factor analysis identified two factors responsible for ~68% of the variation in the data. We estimated Cox proportional hazards models to identify immunoregulators associated with time to death.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Each 10\u2010unit increase in factor 2 cytokines (MCP\u20102 and TARC) was associated with a 38% increase in the risk of death (HR: 1.38; 95% CI: 1.19, 1.65; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>: 0.00). <jats:italic>Discussion<\/jats:italic>: Like sporadic ALS cases worldwide, inflammation is associated with a shortened lifespan in Guamanian ALS; more specifically, our findings suggest serum levels of MCP\u20102 and TARC at onset may predict disease duration. Further investigation is needed to determine the role of these immunoregulators in disease prognosis and as targets for diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.70088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T08:51:29Z","timestamp":1740559889000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Elevated Serum <scp>MCP<\/scp>\u20102 and <scp>TARC<\/scp> Associated With Increased Risk of Death in Guamanian <scp>ALS<\/scp> Patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1545-8180","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Risana N.","family":"Chowdhury","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology Binghamton University (SUNY)  Binghamton New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mus'ab A.","family":"Azam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State University of New York Upstate Medical University  Syracuse New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suhaib A.","family":"Azam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences  Buffalo New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shteynman","family":"Lana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University  Stony Brook New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erin N.","family":"Culver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine University of Colorado\u2010Anschutz Medical Campus  Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ralph M.","family":"Garruto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology Binghamton University (SUNY)  Binghamton New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences Binghamton University (SUNY)  Binghamton New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Wander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology Binghamton University (SUNY)  Binghamton New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a114437"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(86)90116-5"},{"volume-title":"Progress Report of Work in the Laboratory of Pathology During May 1945","year":"1945","author":"Zimmerman H.","key":"e_1_2_9_4_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwf175"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.4.6.438"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"347","article-title":"Pacific Paradigms of Environmentally Induced Neurological Disorders: Clinical, Epidemiological and Molecular Perspectives","volume":"12","author":"Garruto R. 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