{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T16:16:39Z","timestamp":1787501799442,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747612800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005032","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Bial","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005032","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019370","name":"Foundation for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019370","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Headache is a symptom of the long\u2010COVID syndrome. The incidence and characteristics of\n                      <jats:italic>de novo<\/jats:italic>\n                      post\u2010COVID headaches remain unclear. Our aim was to characterize new\u2010onset headaches in a population\u2010based prospective cohort of COVID\u201019 patients from the first pandemic wave.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study followed a prospective cohort of 732 COVID\u201019 patients consecutively diagnosed between March and June 2020. Neurological follow\u2010up was performed face\u2010to\u2010face or by phone at 3, 12, and 24\u2009months. A structured clinical questionnaire was used to characterize headaches before infection and 24\u2009months postinfection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Overall, 448 patients completed the 24\u2010month follow\u2010up, with a mean age of 51.6\u2009years at SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection; 272 (60.7%) were women. A prior history of headaches was reported by 115 (25.7%). Patients with either pre\u2010existing or\n                      <jats:italic>de novo<\/jats:italic>\n                      persistent headaches were younger, more often women, and exhibited hyposmia, hypogeusia, and headache during the acute phase of infection.\n                      <jats:italic>De novo<\/jats:italic>\n                      persistent headaches occurred in 54 of 333 (16.2%) headache\u2010na\u00efve patients. Of these, 35 (64.8%) fulfilled migraine\u2010like headache (MLH) criteria (mean age of 49.1\u2009years at 24\u2010month follow\u2010up), with a cumulative incidence of 42\/1000\/year.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>De novo<\/jats:italic>\n                      persistent headaches are common 2\u2009years after COVID\u201019, with MLH being the most frequent type. MLH incidence after COVID\u201019 is elevated and\n                      <jats:italic>de novo<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u201cmigraineurs\u2010like\u201d tend to be older compared to the general population. This is an important finding with potential implications for healthcare and quality of life, considering the high number of COVID\u201019 cases and the global burden of migraine.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.70130","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T08:22:19Z","timestamp":1747642939000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Long\u2010Term Persistent Headache After\n                    <scp>SARS<\/scp>\n                    \u2010\n                    <scp>CoV<\/scp>\n                    \u20102 Infection: A Follow\u2010Up Population\u2010Based Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1514-7358","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L\u00e9nia","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio Do Porto, ULS Santo Ant\u00f3nio  Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio Do Porto, ULS Santo Ant\u00f3nio  Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio Do Porto, ULS Santo Ant\u00f3nio  Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio Do Porto, ULS Santo Ant\u00f3nio  Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Malheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio Do Porto, ULS Santo Ant\u00f3nio  Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elaine","family":"Aires","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio Do Porto, ULS Santo Ant\u00f3nio  Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diogo","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio Do Porto, ULS Santo Ant\u00f3nio  Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Fonte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio Do Porto, ULS Santo Ant\u00f3nio  Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"i3S \u2010 Institute for Research and Innovation in Health University of Porto  Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2336-4208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vanessa","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Portugu\u00eas de Oncologia  Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7428-2854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Cavaco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio Do Porto, ULS Santo Ant\u00f3nio  Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0232-1276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Magalh\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar University of Porto  Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Correia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio Do Porto, ULS Santo Ant\u00f3nio  Porto Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar University of Porto  Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio Do Porto, ULS Santo Ant\u00f3nio  Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds F.","family":"Maia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio Do Porto, ULS Santo Ant\u00f3nio  Porto Portugal"},{"name":"i3S \u2010 Institute for Research and Innovation in Health University of Porto  Porto Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar University of Porto  Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01283-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102420965157"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(21)00703-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102420965140"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-020-01188-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102420966770"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03331024211068074"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-022-01450-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-020-01183-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.01540"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17093165"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2009.01486.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.16058"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14803"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.15307"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18052621"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102417738202"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-016-0596-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2008.01666.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03331024221131337"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-023-01296-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/head.13884"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2021.0500"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5603\/PJNNS.a2022.0049"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","first-page":"168","article-title":"Long COVID and Especially Headache Syndromes","volume":"36","author":"Tana C.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03331024211036665"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtauto.2021.100100"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00034.2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.0830"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurop.2021.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00141\u20102021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M21\u20100878"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.27403"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-021-05586-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2021.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.16251"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1149294"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03677-y"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ene.70130","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T08:01:50Z","timestamp":1748332910000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ene.70130"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ene.70130"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ene.70130","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1351-5101","1468-1331"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1351-5101","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-1331","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-11-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-20","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70130"}}