{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T01:49:20Z","timestamp":1772070560984,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765497600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA), 2.8%\u20138.2% present with ischemic stroke (IS) or transient ischemic attack (TIA). GCA diagnosis may be overlooked, and immunosuppressive treatment delayed if typical symptoms are absent or if a common cause of IS coexists. This study aimed to identify potential markers of GCA through clinical evaluation and baseline investigation of IS\/TIA patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two authors independently conducted a scoping review using MEDLINE and EMBASE databases to identify patients diagnosed with GCA after presenting with IS\/TIA. All articles, including the gray literature, were considered from January 2000 onwards if individualized data were described. Only cases of IS\/TIA with GCA later diagnosed as the etiology were included for analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 101 publications were included, pooling data on 141 patients for analysis. The mean age was 73.6\u2009years, and 61 were women. Patients experienced either single (56.0%) or multiple IS\/TIA events (44.0%). Associated symptoms included GCA\u2010related pain, such as headaches (50.4%), constitutional symptoms (47.5%), and temporal artery inflammation (27.0%). Neurological deficits involved corticospinal tracts (41.8%), and cerebellar functions (53.2%). Most patients had clinical or radiological evidence of vertebrobasilar involvement (83.7%). Multifocal involvement of the vertebrobasilar and carotid territories was supported when combining clinical\u2010radiological manifestations (41.1%). Recurrent events were common (44.0%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>GCA should be considered in IS\/TIA patients aged \u2265\u200950\u2009years with vertebrobasilar or multiterritorial involvement, or recurrent IS\/TIA despite secondary prevention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.70462","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T05:55:54Z","timestamp":1765605354000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Markers of Giant Cell Arteritis in Patients Presenting With Ischemic Stroke: A Scoping Review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Alain\u2010Mauricio","family":"Vergara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Radiation Oncology, and Nuclear Medicine University of Montreal  Montreal Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Montreal  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Perez\u2010Caceres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Radiation Oncology, and Nuclear Medicine University of Montreal  Montreal Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Montreal  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maxime","family":"Chayer\u2010Lanthier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Sherbrooke  Sherbrooke Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carolyn","family":"Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Montreal  Montreal Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Vasculitis Clinic, Division of Internal Medicine, and Research Center, H\u00f4pital du Sacr\u00e9\u2010C\u0153ur de Montr\u00e9al, CIUSSS\u2010NIM  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4523-8525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean\u2010Paul","family":"Makhzoum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Montreal  Montreal Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Vasculitis Clinic, Division of Internal Medicine, and Research Center, H\u00f4pital du Sacr\u00e9\u2010C\u0153ur de Montr\u00e9al, CIUSSS\u2010NIM  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9762-5514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sylvain","family":"Lanthier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Montreal  Montreal Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Neurovascular Programme, Division of Neurology, and Research Center, H\u00f4pital du Sacr\u00e9\u2010C\u0153ur de Montr\u00e9al, CIUSSS\u2010NIM  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30155"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21075"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0b013e3181af4518"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000000265"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ken465"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0b013e3181908e96"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2022.10.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.161033"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2019.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2022.152020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2024.108520"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-0850"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard-2022-223480"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2017.05.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","first-page":"105","article-title":"Stroke of the Posterior Cerebral Circulation","volume":"30","author":"Labropoulos N.","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Angiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2014.00030"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.111.625152"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/RHU.0000000000001498"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13760-020-01344-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-200301000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5603\/FM.a2019.0071"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2014.241"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1998.tb00642.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1972.00490170010003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.25259\/SNI_1001_2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A4086"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22359"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.24.6.899"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33588\/rn.3903.2004096"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3639.2010.00403.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.150143"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.122.039503"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000193465"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2017.03.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001409"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexmp.2015.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-013-2814-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.58.4.490"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.113.677070"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.44.10.1793"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keaa058"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.120.028992"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2014-307614"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2013.11.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70310-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2019.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.014310"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","first-page":"E40","article-title":"Carotid Artery Stenosis and Ischemic Strokes in Patients With Giant Cell Arteritis","volume":"6","author":"Oerding C.","year":"2021","journal-title":"TH Open"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.26101"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ene.70462","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ene.70462","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ene.70462","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T08:03:30Z","timestamp":1771401810000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ene.70462"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ene.70462"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ene.70462","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1351-5101","1468-1331"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1351-5101","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-1331","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-05-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70462"}}