{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T20:08:48Z","timestamp":1792354128032,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769990400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1157717 Kalincik"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1157717 Kalincik"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Management of multiple sclerosis (MS) revolves around timely initiation of effective disease\u2010modifying therapy. Here we investigate the additive predictive value of age\u2010adjusted normalised neurofilament light chain (NfL) concentrations when combined with a clinicodemographic model of treatment response.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data were obtained from three sources: the University Hospital Basel, the SET cohort in Prague, and EIMS and IMSE cohorts from Sweden. NfL samples were collected within 90\u2009days of baseline, age\u2010adjusted and normalised using a reference population. Principal component analysis reduced the dimensionality of clinicodemographic predictors. Cox proportional hazards models estimated cumulative hazards of relapse, 6\u2010month confirmed disability worsening and 9\u2010month confirmed disability improvement, with and without NfL. Uno's concordance index compared prediction accuracy across pooled and treatment\u2010specific models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The study included 1716 individuals across three therapies: interferon \u03b2 (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009554), fingolimod (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009307) and natalizumab (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009369). Clinicodemographic characteristics were associated with relapse and disability outcomes. While NfL showed no association in the pooled cohort, in the natalizumab group, higher NfL predicted lower probability of disability improvement (HR\u2009=\u20090.819, 95% CI: 0.814\u20130.823). Pooled models predicted outcomes with moderate accuracy (relapse: 63.4%, disability worsening: 56.4%, improvement: 67.7%), with minimal contribution from NfL. In treatment\u2010specific models, NfL\u2010inclusive accuracy ranged from 51.3%\u201362.2% (relapse), 54.3%\u201360.3% (worsening) and 65%\u201367.9% (improvement), closely matching models without NfL.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In well\u2010characterised MS patients treated with interferon \u03b2, fingolimod or natalizumab, clinicodemographic information provides modest prognostic value; however, NfL adds minimal incremental utility.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.70505","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T09:27:24Z","timestamp":1770024444000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Neurofilament Light Chain Concentration in the Prediction of Treatment Response in Multiple Sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6253-4487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nahid","family":"Moradi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Core, Department of Medicine The University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sifat","family":"Sharmin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Core, Department of Medicine The University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Neuroimmunology Centre, Department of Neurology The Royal Melbourne Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles B.","family":"Malpas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Core, Department of Medicine The University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Neuroimmunology Centre, Department of Neurology The Royal Melbourne Hospital  Melbourne Victoria 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Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomas","family":"Olsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0867-4726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ingrid","family":"Kochum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce V.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania  Hobart Tasmania Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Barnett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain and Mind Centre, 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