{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,19]],"date-time":"2026-07-19T07:59:12Z","timestamp":1784447952364,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771977600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":24,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P500PM_206639"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P500PM_206639"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001826","name":"ZonMw","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["917.17.308"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["917.17.308"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001826","name":"ZonMw","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["918.19.627"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["918.19.627"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003180","name":"Academisch Medisch Centrum","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003180","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101011237"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101011237"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Brain abscesses rarely complicate bacterial meningitis while their clinical characteristics and outcomes have not been systematically assessed. We studied prevalence, pathogen distribution, clinical characteristics including treatment, and outcomes of brain abscess in bacterial meningitis patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a prospective Dutch national cohort of community\u2010acquired bacterial meningitis (January 2006 to October 2023), we identified patients with a brain abscess diagnosed by the treating physician. Presence of abscesses was confirmed by re\u2010evaluation of the cranial imaging.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the 2918 episodes included, 56 were complicated by a brain abscess (prevalence 1.9%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.5\u20132.5). For\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      the prevalence of abscesses among meningitis episodes was 1.1% (95% CI 0.7%\u20131.6%) while it was 3.6% (95% CI 2.6%\u20135.0%) for other bacteria. Prevalence was highest in meningitis caused by the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>Streptococcus anginosus<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      group (11\/21, 52.4%),\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      (1\/10, 10.0%),\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>Listeria monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      (8\/175, 4.6%),\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      (1\/22, 4.5%), and group A streptococcus (3\/79, 3.8%). Prevalence increased between 2006\u20132014 and 2015\u20132023, with a ratio of 1.8 (95% CI 1.7\u20132.1). In meningitis patients with abscesses, 14\u2010day survival was 94% and 40 of 56 (71%) patients had an unfavourable outcome. In 9 of 56 (16%) patients the abscess was treated with a neurosurgical intervention (extra\u2010ventricular CSF drain or abscess aspiration). All received prolonged antibiotic treatment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Most brain abscesses among meningitis patients were caused by pneumococci, but non\u2010pneumococcal streptococci had the highest risk for abscesses. Patients with abscesses had a high risk for an unfavourable outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.70524","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T18:19:05Z","timestamp":1772993945000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Brain Abscesses Complicating Bacterial Meningitis\u2014A Nationwide Cohort Study From the Netherlands"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Fabian D.","family":"Liechti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of General Internal Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evelien H. G. M.","family":"Drost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merijn W.","family":"Bijlsma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Amsterdam Neuroscience Amsterdam UMC  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthijs C.","family":"Brouwer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diederik","family":"van de Beek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00008\u201011"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1993.00540060015010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2011.11.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy449"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/nly077"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/339941"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2015.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010019\u201009976\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473\u20103099(15)00430\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.01.127"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1989.03430190084036"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.01.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2019.10.056"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy1139"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ene.70524","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ene.70524","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ene.70524","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T20:19:44Z","timestamp":1773001184000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ene.70524"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ene.70524"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ene.70524","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1351-5101","1468-1331"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1351-5101","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-1331","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-05-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-20","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70524"}}