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We investigated dementia risk across T2D subgroups defined by beta\u2010cell function and insulin sensitivity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used Homeostasis Model Assessment\u20102 indices of beta\u2010cell function (HOMA2\u2010B) and insulin sensitivity (HOMA2\u2010S) to classify 7221 individuals with recently diagnosed T2D into insulinopenic (low HOMA2\u2010B, high HOMA2\u2010S), classical (low HOMA2\u2010B, low HOMA2\u2010S), and hyperinsulinemic (high HOMA2\u2010B, low HOMA2\u2010S) subgroups. Incident dementia was ascertained by validated hospital diagnosis codes and dementia\u2010specific medication over 13\u2009years. Absolute risks were estimated using the Aalen\u2010Johansen estimator and adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) using Cox regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Over a median follow\u2010up of 9\u2009years, 179 (2.5%) developed dementia. The 10\u2010year risk (95% CI) was 3.8% (2.4%\u20135.8%) in the insulinopenic subgroup versus 2.8% in both classical (2.3%\u20133.5%) and hyperinsulinemic (2.0%\u20133.8%) subgroups. Compared with classical T2D, aHRs (95% CI) were 1.31 (0.83\u20132.09) for insulinopenic and 1.10 (0.78\u20131.54) for hyperinsulinemic T2D. No robust associations with dementia were observed with insulin resistance (HOMA\u2010IR) or C\u2010peptide levels, although compared to the lowest C\u2010peptide levels (quartile 1), aHRs (95% CI) were decreased at 0.67 (0.45\u20131.01) in quartile 2, 0.73 (0.48\u20131.09) in quartile 3, and 0.89 (0.59\u20131.33) in quartile 4.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found no clear associations between T2D subgroup, insulin resistance, or C\u2010peptide level at T2D diagnosis and dementia risk. The numerically higher risk in those with lower insulin secretion was statistically imprecise and warrants further study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.70527","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T21:43:51Z","timestamp":1773006231000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Dementia Risk According to Indices of Insulin Sensitivity and Beta\u2010Cell Function in Individuals With Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes: A Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1202-4056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole Jacqueline","family":"Jensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Translational Research Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen  Herlev Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg  Copenhagen 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