{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:49:32Z","timestamp":1787014172353,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773964800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neuroinflammatory and systemic immune mechanisms are increasingly recognized as contributors to migraine pathophysiology. However, peripheral markers of inflammation remain underexplored. This study aimed to evaluate systemic immune alterations in patients with migraine through complete blood count (CBC) parameters and derived inflammatory indices, comparing findings with healthy controls (HCs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a cross\u2010sectional analysis of peripheral blood samples, assessing leukocyte subtypes including absolute and relative (percentage\u2010%) values, hemoglobin, and platelet levels. Inflammatory indices, including neutrophil\u2010to\u2010lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet\u2010to\u2010lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune\u2010inflammation index (SII), were calculated. Migraine features were collected.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 409 subjects were included: 179 HCs, 194 with episodic migraine (EM), and 36 with chronic migraine (CM). Regarding inflammatory indices, SII significantly differed among EM, CM, and HCs (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.024). In particular, in post hoc analyses, it was significantly higher in CM (514.20\u2009\u00b1\u2009250.57) vs. HCs (423.14\u2009\u00b1\u2009221.69) (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.019) and in CM compared to EM (448.28\u2009\u00b1\u2009266.53,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.044). Similarly, neutrophil% significantly differed among the three groups (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.022), and was higher in patients with CM (58.69\u2009\u00b1\u20099.57) vs. HCs (54.81\u2009\u00b1\u20098.86,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.019) and in patients with CM vs. EM (55.39\u2009\u00b1\u20099.77,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.016). Lymphocyte% differed among the three groups (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.047), and it was lower in CM (31.51\u2009\u00b1\u20098.27) vs. HCs (34.55\u2009\u00b1\u20098.24,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.047).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Systemic immune dysregulation appears to be associated with migraine, particularly CM. Alterations in neutrophil and lymphocyte distributions, as well as increased SII, may represent peripheral correlates of central neuroinflammation. These findings suggest that simple, routinely available blood\u2010derived markers could help identify inflammatory endophenotypes in migraine, warranting validation in larger, prospective studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.70547","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T13:15:50Z","timestamp":1774012550000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Systemic Inflammation Markers in Migraine: A Cross\u2010Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6016-3141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marina","family":"Romozzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento Universitario di Neuroscienze Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore  Rome Italy"},{"name":"Neurologia, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Organi di Senso e Torace Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Tosto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience \u2018Giovanni Paolo II\u2019 Hospital  Lamezia Terme Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annalisa","family":"Gentile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento Universitario di Neuroscienze Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flavia","family":"Bianchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento Universitario di Neuroscienze Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giada","family":"Giuliani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Neuroscience Sapienza University of Rome  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caterina","family":"Ermio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience \u2018Giovanni Paolo II\u2019 Hospital  Lamezia Terme Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2248-5120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonia","family":"Di Tella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental and Applied Psychology Laboratory, Department of Health and Life Sciences Universit\u00e0 Europea di Roma  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3598-0195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luigi Francesco","family":"Lannone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digital and Predictive Medicine, Pharmacology, Clinical Metabolic Toxicology\u2010Headache Center and Drug Abuse Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, AOU Policlinico  Modena Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences University of Modena and Reggio Emilia  Modena Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0326-5509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Calabresi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento Universitario di Neuroscienze Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore  Rome Italy"},{"name":"Neurologia, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Organi di Senso e Torace Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catello","family":"Vollono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento Universitario di Neuroscienze Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore  Rome Italy"},{"name":"Neurologia, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Organi di Senso e Torace Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS  Rome 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Relationship Between Absolute Monocyte Count and C\u2010Reactive Protein in Patients With Migraine Undergoing no Pharmacological Therapy","volume":"54","author":"Peng Y. F.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2015.00471"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-019-02136-y"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","first-page":"164","article-title":"Is There Any Correlation Between Migraine Attacks and Iron Deficiency Anemia? A Case\u2010Control Study","volume":"13","author":"Tayyebi A.","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Journal of Hematology\u2010Oncology and Stem Cell Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2006.00337.x"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ene.70547","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ene.70547","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ene.70547","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T22:13:31Z","timestamp":1774563211000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ene.70547"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ene.70547"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ene.70547","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1351-5101","1468-1331"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1351-5101","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-1331","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-09","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-20","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70547"}}