{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T22:53:44Z","timestamp":1774565624081,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773878400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The potential link between myasthenia gravis (MG) and COVID\u201019 infection or vaccination remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between these factors and new\u2010onset MG.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A case\u2013control study was conducted using Clalit Health Services' database. We applied a ML algorithm to reduce diagnostic misclassification. The study examined adults with new onset MG, aged 18 or older, between January 2020 and December 2022 for COVID\u201019 infection (Cohort I) and between January 2021 and December 2022 for Pfizer\u2010BioNTech COVID\u201019 vaccine (Cohort II). For each new MG case, three controls matched by age, sex, and index date were selected. Prior exposure to either infection or vaccination was assessed within 90 and 180\u2009days for cases and controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In cohort I, 253 new MG cases were identified. A multivariate logistic regression model showed an odds ratio (OR) of 1.44 (95% CI 0.708\u20132.92) within 90\u2009days post\u2010infection and 1.67 (95% CI 0.98\u20132.84) within 180\u2009days. In cohort II, 177 new MG cases were detected, with an OR of 1.76 (95% CI 1.049\u20132.95) within 90\u2009days post\u2010vaccination and 2.45 (95% CI 1.51\u20133.95) within 180\u2009days.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study suggests no significant increased risk of new\u2010onset MG following COVID\u201019 infection, but the Pfizer\u2010BioNTech vaccine appears to be associated with a higher risk of developing MG, particularly within 180\u2009days of vaccination.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.70572","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T11:13:17Z","timestamp":1773918797000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Risk of New\u2010Onset Myasthenia Gravis Following\n                    <scp>COVID<\/scp>\n                    \u201019 Infection and Vaccination: A Population\u2010Based Case\u2013Control Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Tasneem","family":"Kab","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Rabin Medical Center  Petach Tikva Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5056-2368","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keshet","family":"Pardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Rabin Medical Center  Petach Tikva Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark A.","family":"Hellmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Rabin Medical Center  Petach Tikva Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4015-9783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Itay","family":"Lotan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Rabin Medical Center  Petach Tikva Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yitzhak","family":"Friedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Rabin Medical Center  Petach Tikva Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tzipora","family":"Shochat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Statistical Consultant Rabin Medical Center  Petach Tikva Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2584-5793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adi","family":"Wilf\u2010Yarkoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Rabin Medical Center  Petach Tikva Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  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