{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T08:19:45Z","timestamp":1778055585799,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776470400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021856","name":"Ministero dell'Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PE0000006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PE0000006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021856","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021856","name":"Ministero dell'Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FIS_00002258"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FIS_00002258"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021856","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Optic nerve involvement in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) can be detected with Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) based on intereye difference (IED). We aimed to assess optic nerve involvement in a large real\u2010world MS cohort applying the 2024 McDonald IED cut off criteria, and to investigate OCT\u2013MRI concordance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>OCT measurements of peripapillary\u2010retinal\u2010nerve\u2010fiber\u2010layer (pRNFL) and ganglion\u2010cell\u2010inner\u2010plexiform\u2010layer (GCIPL) thickness were analyzed in 740 MS patients. Clinical histories of optic neuritis (ON) were reviewed. Three\u2010dimensional double inversion recovery MRI sequences for optic nerve assessment were available for 240 patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The IED cutoff (GCIPL \u2265\u20094\u2009\u03bcm or pRNFL \u2265\u20096\u2009\u03bcm) demonstrated 83% sensitivity and 55% specificity for identifying prior ON. In the MRI subgroup, it yielded 67% sensitivity and 83% specificity for detecting asymptomatic optic nerve lesions. MRI identified lesions in 46% of patients without a prior history of ON, whereas OCT\u2010IED was positive in 40%, resulting in an overall OCT\u2013MRI concordance of 77%. Among asymptomatic patients (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009164), 25 were OCT\u2010negative\/MRI\u2010positive (11 with bilateral optic nerve involvement) and 15 were OCT\u2010positive\/MRI\u2010negative, mostly with isolated GCIPL or pRNFL asymmetry.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The 2024 McDonald IED cutoff demonstrates high sensitivity for prior ON but reduced sensitivity for subclinical optic nerve involvement. MRI appears slightly more sensitive, with both modalities providing complementary information on optic nerve pathology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.70605","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,19]],"date-time":"2026-04-19T02:37:21Z","timestamp":1776566241000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessing Optic Nerve Involvement in Multiple Sclerosis Using Optical Coherence Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5818-2552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gualco","family":"Alessandro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2220-9422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Boffa","family":"Giacomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Razzetta","family":"Chiara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lapucci","family":"Caterina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0304-0529","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cipriano","family":"Emilio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nasone","family":"Lorenza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sirito","family":"Tommaso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Al Qudsi","family":"Sabrina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Garbarino","family":"Sara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics (DIMA) University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saitta","family":"Laura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Campi","family":"Cristina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino  Genoa Italy"},{"name":"Department of Mathematics (DIMA) University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iester","family":"Michele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cellerino","family":"Maria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Inglese","family":"Matilde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474\u20104422(25)00270\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000207805"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474\u20104422(25)00275\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474\u20104422(25)00304\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474\u20104422(22)00200\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25462"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2020.102403"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0000000000000629"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000009832"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585231225848"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585251332895"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awac030"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.26.6_part_2.26"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000009504"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awz038"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474\u20104422(17)30470\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0034823"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002774"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000209677"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474\u20104422(25)00304\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458515598021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000001135"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2022.110505"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552\u20106569.2007.00136.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaf450"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24487"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp\u20102021\u2010327468"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa361"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458516679035"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.885218"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2001776117"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ene.70605","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ene.70605","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ene.70605","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T07:54:34Z","timestamp":1778054074000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ene.70605"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ene.70605"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ene.70605","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1351-5101","1468-1331"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1351-5101","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-1331","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-01-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-07","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-18","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70605"}}