{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T07:22:17Z","timestamp":1787728937498,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Long\u2010term health effects of thymectomy in adults remain uncertain. Previous reports suggested associations with increased mortality, cancer incidence, and autoimmune disease, although these findings may reflect differences in patient selection, surgical indication, or follow\u2010up duration. We aimed to examine long\u2010term outcomes following adult thymectomy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a propensity score\u2010matched retrospective study of patients who underwent thymectomy or comparator cardiothoracic procedures, with follow\u2010up extending to 10\u2009years. Primary outcomes were all\u2010cause mortality, new\u2010onset malignancy, and autoimmune disease. Findings were compared with those reported in a recent study that has raised caution regarding thymic excision.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We identified 425 patients who underwent thymectomy and 5401 controls who underwent coronary artery bypass or valve surgery. After matching, 398 patients remained in each group. Thymectomy was not associated with increased mortality at 5\u2009years (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.63; 95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , 0.38\u20131.04) or 10\u2009years (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.78; 95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , 0.54\u20131.13). Excluding reclassified thymic cancers, 5\u2010year extrathymic malignancy incidence was 2.3% versus 1.8% (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.54); no significant differences were observed in immune\u2010related disease. Mortality was higher among patients with thymic malignancy. Among\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      patients, only one event occurred, precluding reliable estimation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thymectomy was not associated with excess mortality or malignancy at 10\u2009years compared with matched cardiothoracic controls. Indication\u2010stratified analyses within the thymectomy cohort showed higher mortality for thymic malignancy, with insufficient events to assess outcomes in\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      patients. These findings do not support a generalized survival penalty from thymectomy, though caution is warranted for incidental thymic removal.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.70721","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T08:24:59Z","timestamp":1785572699000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Long\u2010Term Cancer and Mortality After Thymectomy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3585-1687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shahar","family":"Shelly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion\u2010Israel Institute of Technology  Haifa Israel"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Rambam Medical Center  Haifa Israel"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota 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&amp; Rehabilitation Medicine George Washington University  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1471-9617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gil I.","family":"Wolfe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University at Buffalo\/SUNY  Buffalo New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keren","family":"Miron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Rambam Medical Center  Haifa Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2529-1567","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roni","family":"Ramon\u2010Gonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Graduate School of Business Administration Information Systems Program, Bar\u2010Ilan University  Ramat\u2010Gan 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