{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T13:46:50Z","timestamp":1791985610098,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789776000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The relationship between intrathecal kappa free light chain (\u03ba\u2010FLC) synthesis and retinal layer atrophy in multiple sclerosis (MS) is unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate whether the \u03ba\u2010FLC index is associated with peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) and ganglion cell plus inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with newly diagnosed clinically isolated syndrome or relapsing MS and available cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were included. Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were also assessed. \u03ba\u2010FLC concentrations were measured by nephelometry, and the \u03ba\u2010FLC index was calculated as (CSF \u03ba\u2010FLC\/serum \u03ba\u2010FLC)\/albumin quotient.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 100 patients at a median age of 33 (25th\u201375th percentile: 25\u201339) years and a female predominance (58%) were included. In multivariable linear regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, disease duration, number of T2\u2010hyperintense and number of contrast\u2010enhancing MRI lesions, the \u03ba\u2010FLC index was associated with pRNFL (log\u2010transformed \u03ba\u2010FLC index:\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      : \u22122.51; 95% confidence interval [CI]: \u22124.01, \u22121.01;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001) and GCIPL thinning (log\u2010transformed \u03ba\u2010FLC index:\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      : \u22121.24, 95% CI: \u22122.32, \u22120.17;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.024).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intrathecal plasma cell activity, as measured by the \u03ba\u2010FLC index, is associated with neuroaxonal damage, as reflected by pRNFL and GCIPL atrophy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.70759","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T07:47:32Z","timestamp":1789804052000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Intrathecal Plasma Cell Activity as Measured by the Kappa Free Light Chain Index Is Associated With Retinal Layer Atrophy in Early Multiple Sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2755-2043","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Klaus","family":"Berek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Medical University of Innsbruck  Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3081-854X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Schmidauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Medical University of Innsbruck  Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7970-5349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabian","family":"F\u00f6ttinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences &amp; 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