{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T16:40:42Z","timestamp":1789404042159,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,12]],"date-time":"2014-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1402531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004396","name":"Thailand Research Fund","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["RSA-5280025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RSA-5280025"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004396","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European J Oral Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Molar incisor hypomineralization (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIH<\/jats:styled-content>) is a qualitative developmental enamel defect that affects one to four permanent first molars, with or without involvement of permanent incisors. Its etiology is of systemic origin, but is not well understood. Therefore, we conducted this cross\u2010sectional study to examine pre\u2010, peri\u2010, and postnatal risk factors for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIH<\/jats:styled-content> among children, 7\u20138\u00a0yr of age, in urban areas of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">K<\/jats:styled-content>hon <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">K<\/jats:styled-content>aen, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>hailand. Molar incisor hypomineralization defects were diagnosed using the European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry criteria. Mothers or primary caregivers were interviewed on maternal medical history and habits during pregnancy, pregnancy and delivery complications, and the child's medical history. Molar incisor hypomineralization defects were observed in 78 (27.7%) of 282 children. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed a statistically significant association between the development of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIH<\/jats:styled-content> and Cesarean section (adjusted <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a02.0, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a01.1\u20133.7), complications during vaginal delivery (adjusted <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a04.5, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a01.9\u201311.0), and severe\/chronic illness when under 3\u00a0yr of age (adjusted <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a02.9, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a01.6\u20135.0). There was no association of preterm birth and low birth weight with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIH<\/jats:styled-content>. The results suggest that Cesarean section, complications during vaginal delivery, and poor health during the first 3\u00a0yr of life are independent risk factors for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIH<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/eos.12136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,12]],"date-time":"2014-06-12T13:24:46Z","timestamp":1402579486000},"page":"265-270","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Factors associated with molar incisor hypomineralization in <scp>T<\/scp>hai children"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"Waranuch","family":"Pitiphat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Dentistry Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen Thailand"},{"name":"Chronic Inflammatory and Systemic Diseases Associated with Oral Health Research Group Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarunporn","family":"Luangchaichaweng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patimaporn","family":"Pungchanchaikul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Onauma","family":"Angwaravong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nusara","family":"Chansamak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Dentistry Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000047479"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03262716"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03262866"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03262714"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.21258"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-263X.2008.00966.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03262637"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-263X.2007.00901.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","first-page":"57","article-title":"Aetiology of severe demarcated enamel opacities\u2013an evaluation based on prospective medical and social data from 17,000 children","volume":"35","author":"Fagrell TG","year":"2011","journal-title":"Swed Dent J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0722.2011.00792.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","first-page":"245","article-title":"Molar incisor hypomineralization: a study of prevalence and etiology in a group of Iranian children","volume":"22","author":"Ahmadi R","year":"2012","journal-title":"Iran J Pediatr"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-263X.2012.01244.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0722.2001.00047.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","unstructured":"LuangchaichawengS.Prevalence and risk factors for molar incisor hypomieralization in 7\u20138\u00a0years old children in urban Khon Kaen. 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