{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T18:03:59Z","timestamp":1783533839903,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,26]],"date-time":"2015-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451088000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004366","name":"Tabriz University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004366","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European J Oral Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Mental disorders have been shown to affect children's oral health. This study was carried out to investigate the oral health status, dental anxiety (DA), and behavior\u2010management problems (BMPs) during dental treatment in 6\u2010 to 9\u2010yr\u2010old children with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)\/attention\u2010deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The study and control groups included 40 children with ODD\/ADHD and 80 normal children, respectively. All participants received an amalgam restoration. During the procedure, the children's behavior was assessed using the Frankl Rating Scale and the Verbal Skill Scale. Parents rated their children's DA using the parental version of the Children's Fear Survey Schedule\u2010Dental subscale (CFSS\u2010DS). Comorbid anxiety disorders were assessed using the Kiddie\u2010Sads\u2010Present and Lifetime Version questionnaire. Oral health status was assessed using the gingival index and the decayed, missing, and filled teeth score for permanent (DMFT) and primary (dmft) teeth. The findings showed that DA and BMPs were significantly higher in children with ODD\/ADHD than in the controls. Furthermore, the frequency of DA and BMPs was higher in children with both ODD\/ADHD and a comorbid anxiety disorder than in those without comorbid anxiety disorder. Children with ODD\/ADHD had significantly higher DMFT\/dmft scores than those in the control group, whereas the difference in gingival index was not statistically significant. In conclusion, children with ODD\/ADHD had higher levels of DA, BMP and poorer oral health status.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/eos.12236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,26]],"date-time":"2015-12-26T12:32:40Z","timestamp":1451133160000},"page":"45-51","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Oral health status, dental anxiety, and behavior\u2010management problems in children with oppositional defiant disorder"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"Naser A.","family":"Aminabadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry Faculty of Dentistry Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ebrahim","family":"Najafpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry Faculty of Dentistry Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leila","family":"Erfanparast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry Faculty of Dentistry Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Jamali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Science Faculty of Dentistry Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Pournaghi\u2010Azar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Operative Dentistry Faculty of Dentistry Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shabnam","family":"Tamjid\u2010Shabestari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry Faculty of Dentistry, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences Zanjan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sajjad","family":"Shirazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental and Periodantal Research Centre Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"3244","volume-title":"Kaplan and Sadock's Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry","author":"Robinson RG","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0012162203001282"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3955(03)00077-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DBP.0b013e3181e121bd"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2012.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199907000-00013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0722.2006.00393.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-263X.2003.00482.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000073917"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1080\/19424396.2003.12224214","article-title":"The pathophysiology, medical management, and dental implications of children and young adults having attention\u2010deficit hyperactivity disorder","volume":"31","author":"Friedlander AH","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Calif Dent Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-6-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","first-page":"432","article-title":"A screening device: children at risk for dental fears and management problems","volume":"49","author":"Cuthbert MI","year":"1982","journal-title":"ASDC J Dent Child"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016359409029055"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","first-page":"E43","article-title":"Design and preliminary validation of the verbal skill scale in the dental setting: an anxiety scale for children","volume":"35","author":"Aminabadi NA","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","first-page":"150","article-title":"Should the parent remain with the child in the dental operatory?","volume":"29","author":"Frankl S","year":"1962","journal-title":"J Dent Child"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2334\/josnusd.47.91"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","first-page":"353","article-title":"Periodontal epidemiological indices for children and adolescents: I. 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