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It is implicated in acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. This study investigated the role of the\n MIF<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2013\n GC<\/jats:styled-content>\n regulatory dyad in the expression and release of matrix metalloproteinase\u20102 (\n MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20102) during periodontitis, in\u00a0vivo and in\u00a0vitro. In a\n Mif<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010knockout (\n KO<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) mouse model of ligature\u2010induced periodontitis, gingival tissues and blood were collected and analysed for levels of interleukin\u20106 (\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20106),\n MIF<\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20102, and corticosterone. In addition, human gingival fibroblasts (\n HGF<\/jats:styled-content>\n s) were tested for production of\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20106 and\n MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20102 after stimulation with hydrocortisone (\n HC<\/jats:styled-content>\n ),\n MIF<\/jats:styled-content>\n , tumour necrosis factor\u2010alpha (\n TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n \u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n ), or\n Fusobacterium nucleatum<\/jats:italic>\n , a pathogen known to elicit immune responses during periodontitis. Wild\u2010type (\n WT<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) mice showed a local and systemic increase of\n MIF<\/jats:styled-content>\n levels during inflammation, which was confirmed by increased local\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20106 concentrations. Systemic\n GC<\/jats:styled-content>\n levels were reduced in\n WT<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n Mif<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010\n KO<\/jats:styled-content>\n mice during inflammation, with overall lower concentrations in\n Mif<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010\n KO<\/jats:styled-content>\n mice. In vivo and in\u00a0vitro,\n MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20102 production was not dependent on\n MIF<\/jats:styled-content>\n or inflammatory stimuli, but was inhibited by\n HC<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Therefore,\n MIF<\/jats:styled-content>\n does not appear to stimulate expression of\n MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20102 in the gingival tissues, whereas\n GC<\/jats:styled-content>\n upregulates\n MIF<\/jats:styled-content>\n and downregulates\n MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20102. Our findings further suggest that\n MIF<\/jats:styled-content>\n may regulate systemic\n GC<\/jats:styled-content>\n levels.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/eos.12363","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,4]],"date-time":"2017-08-04T06:44:05Z","timestamp":1501829045000},"page":"345-354","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Assessment of the involvement of the macrophage migration inhibitory factor\u2013glucocorticoid regulatory dyad in the expression of matrix metalloproteinase\u20102 during periodontitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"125","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8512-7411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josefine","family":"Hirschfeld","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry University Hospital Bonn Bonn Germany"},{"name":"Periodontal Research Group Birmingham Dental School and Hospital Birmingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Howait","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry Department of Endodontics King AbdulAziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases The Forsyth Institute Cambridge MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandru","family":"Movila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases The Forsyth Institute Cambridge MA USA"},{"name":"Harvard University School of Dental Medicine Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Academy of Sciences of Moldova Institute of Zoology Chisinau Moldova"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marijo","family":"Par\u010dina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology University Hospital Bonn Bonn 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Immunology and Infectious Diseases The Forsyth Institute Cambridge MA USA"},{"name":"College of Dental Medicine Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale FL 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