{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T06:14:54Z","timestamp":1790403294840,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,11]],"date-time":"2017-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1512950400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European J Oral Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Oral squamous cell carcinoma (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSCC<\/jats:styled-content>) affects approximately 30,000 people and is associated with tobacco use. Little is known about the mechanistic effects of second\u2010hand smoke in the development of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSSC<\/jats:styled-content>. The receptor for advanced glycation end\u2010products (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RAGE<\/jats:styled-content>) is a surface receptor that is upregulated by second\u2010hand smoke and inhibited by semi\u2010synthetic glycosaminoglycan ethers (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SAGE<\/jats:styled-content>s). Our objective was to determine the role of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RAGE<\/jats:styled-content> during cigarette smoke extract\u2010induced cellular responses and to use <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SAGE<\/jats:styled-content>s as a modulating factor of Ca9\u201022 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSCC<\/jats:styled-content> cell invasion. Ca9\u201022 cells were cultured in the presence or absence of cigarette smoke extract and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SAGE<\/jats:styled-content>s. Cell invasion was determined and cells were lysed for western blot analysis. Ras and nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B\u2010cells (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic>B) activation were determined. Treatment of cells with cigarette smoke extract resulted in: (i) increased invasion of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSCC<\/jats:styled-content>; (ii) increased <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RAGE<\/jats:styled-content> expression; (iii) inhibition of cigarette smoke extract\u2010induced <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSCC<\/jats:styled-content> cell invasion by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SAGE<\/jats:styled-content>s; (iv) increased Ras, increased <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AKT<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic>B activation, and downregulation by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SAGE<\/jats:styled-content>s; and (v) increased expression of matrix metalloproteinases (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>s) 2, 9, and 14, and downregulation by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SAGE<\/jats:styled-content>s. We conclude that cigarette smoke extract increases invasion of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSCC<\/jats:styled-content> cells in a <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RAGE<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010dependent manner. Inhibition of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RAGE<\/jats:styled-content> decreases the levels of its signaling molecules, which results in blocking the cigarette smoke extract\u2010induced invasion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/eos.12395","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,11]],"date-time":"2017-12-11T08:31:28Z","timestamp":1512981088000},"page":"33-40","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Cigarette smoke extract induces oral squamous cell carcinoma cell invasion in a receptor for advanced glycation end\u2010products\u2010dependent manner"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"126","author":[{"given":"Steven","family":"Chapman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lung and Placenta Research Laboratory Brigham Young University Physiology and Developmental Biology Provo UT 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