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The aim of the present study was to analyze gene variability in interleukin (<jats:italic>IL<\/jats:italic>)<jats:italic>2<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> IL4<\/jats:italic> (and its receptor \u03b1, <jats:italic>IL4R\u03b1<\/jats:italic>)<jats:italic>, IL10<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>IL13<\/jats:italic>, which were selected based on literature review and\/or their functional relevance, in Czech patients with RAS and in healthy controls. In total, 252 subjects (178 controls and 74 patients with RAS) were enrolled in this case\u2013control study, and their detailed anamnestic, clinical, and laboratory data were obtained. Nine polymorphisms in the genes encoding interleukins were determined using PCR techniques. There were no significant differences in allele or genotype frequencies of the <jats:italic>IL2<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> IL4<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> IL4R\u03b1<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> IL10<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>IL13<\/jats:italic> polymorphisms rs2069762\/rs2069763, rs2243250\/rs79071878, rs1801275, rs1800896, and rs1800925, respectively, between controls and patients with RAS. The minority alleles rs1800871 and rs1800872, which encode variants of <jats:italic>IL10<\/jats:italic>, were associated with a statistically significantly higher risk of RAS, as confirmed by the results of genotype and haplotype analyses. We suggest that variability in the <jats:italic>IL10<\/jats:italic> gene may play an important role in the development of RAS in the Czech population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/eos.12577","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,20]],"date-time":"2018-10-20T08:29:40Z","timestamp":1540024180000},"page":"485-492","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Recurrent aphthous stomatitis and gene variability in selected interleukins: a case\u2013control study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"126","author":[{"given":"Petra","family":"Borilova Linhartova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Stomatology Institution Shared with St. Anne's Faculty Hospital Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic"},{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julius","family":"Janos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Stomatology Institution Shared with St. Anne's Faculty Hospital Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Slezakova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Stomatology Institution Shared with St. Anne's Faculty Hospital Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic"},{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jirina","family":"Bartova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical and Experimental Dental Medicine General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jitka","family":"Petanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Microbiology General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pavel","family":"Kuklinek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology Institution Shared with St. Anne's Faculty Hospital Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonin","family":"Fassmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Stomatology Institution Shared with St. Anne's Faculty Hospital Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ladislav","family":"Dusek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7610-8929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lydie","family":"Izakovicova Holla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Stomatology Institution Shared with St. Anne's Faculty Hospital Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic"},{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-45139-7_6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2005.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2005.09.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1590\/S1807-59322009000700007","article-title":"Psychological stress and recurrent aphthous stomatitis","volume":"64","author":"De Barros Gallo C","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clinics (Sao Paulo)"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.12148"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.12241"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215114001078"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"332","article-title":"Oral manifestations of gastrointestinal diseases in children. 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